English
Related papers

Related papers: Testing Leggett's Inequality Using Aharonov-Casher…

200 papers

EPR showed that two particles emitted from a source can be entangled by a shared wavefunction where two non-commuting observables (position, momentum) can be simultaneously real, leading to a contradiction with quantum mechanics (two…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-03-12 Mafiz Uddin

Bell theorems show how to experimentally falsify local realism. Conclusive falsification is highly desirable as it would provide support for the most profoundly counterintuitive feature of quantum theory - nonlocality. Despite the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2012-02-22 Anne Broadbent , Hilary A. Carteret , Andre Allan Methot , Jonathan Walgate

There are two powerful arguments against the possibility of extending quantum mechanics, the violation of Bell inequalities and the Kochen-Specker theorem, but the connection between the two remains confused. Following the distinctive…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-01-08 Jianqi Sheng , Dongkai Zhang , Lixiang Chen

The non-locality of quantum correlations is a fundamental feature of quantum theory. The Bell inequality serves as a benchmark for distinguishing between predictions made by quantum theory and local hidden variable theory (LHVT). Recent…

High Energy Physics - Experiment · Physics 2025-07-02 BESIII Collaboration , M. Ablikim , M. N. Achasov , P. Adlarson , X. C. Ai , R. Aliberti , A. Amoroso , M. R. An , Q. An , Y. Bai , O. Bakina , I. Balossino , Y. Ban , V. Batozskaya , K. Begzsuren , N. Berger , M. Berlowski , M. Bertani , D. Bettoni , F. Bianchi , E. Bianco , A. Bortone , I. Boyko , R. A. Briere , A. Brueggemann , H. Cai , X. Cai , A. Calcaterra , G. F. Cao , N. Cao , S. A. Cetin , J. F. Chang , T. T. Chang , W. L. Chang , G. R. Che , G. Chelkov , C. Chen , Chao Chen , G. Chen , H. S. Chen , M. L. Chen , S. J. Chen , S. M. Chen , T. Chen , X. R. Chen , X. T. Chen , Y. B. Chen , Y. Q. Chen , Z. J. Chen , W. S. Cheng , S. K. Choi , X. Chu , G. Cibinetto , S. C. Coen , F. Cossio , J. J. Cui , H. L. Dai , J. P. Dai , A. Dbeyssi , R. E. de Boer , D. Dedovich , Z. Y. Deng , A. Denig , I. Denysenko , M. Destefanis , F. DeMori , B. Ding , X. X. Ding , Y. Ding , Y. Ding , J. Dong , L. Y. Dong , M. Y. Dong , X. Dong , M. C. Du , S. X. Du , Z. H. Duan , P. Egorov , Y. L. Fan , J. Fang , S. S. Fang , W. X. Fang , Y. Fang , R. Farinelli , L. Fava , F. Feldbauer , G. Felici , C. Q. Feng , J. H. Feng , K. Fischer , M. Fritsch , C. Fritzsch , C. D. Fu , J. L. Fu , Y. W. Fu , H. Gao , Y. N. Gao , YangGao , S. Garbolino , I. Garzia , P. T. Ge , Z. W. Ge , C. Geng , E. M. Gersabeck , AGilman , K. Goetzen , L. Gong , W. X. Gong , W. Gradl , S. Gramigna , M. Greco , M. H. Gu , C. YGuan , Z. L. Guan , A. Q. Guo , L. B. Guo , M. J. Guo , R. P. Guo , Y. P. Guo , A. Guskov , T. T. Han , W. Y. Han , X. Q. Hao , F. A. Harris , K. K. He , K. L. He , F. HH. . Heinsius , C. H. Heinz , Y. K. Heng , C. Herold , T. Holtmann , P. C. Hong , G. Y. Hou , X. T. Hou , Y. R. Hou , Z. L. Hou , H. M. Hu , J. F. Hu , T. Hu , Y. Hu , G. S. Huang , K. X. Huang , L. Q. Huang , X. T. Huang , Y. P. Huang , T. Hussain , NHüsken , W. Imoehl , J. Jackson , S. Jaeger , S. Janchiv , J. H. Jeong , Q. Ji , Q. P. Ji , X. B. Ji , X. L. Ji , Y. Y. Ji , X. Q. Jia , Z. K. Jia , H. J. Jiang , P. C. Jiang , S. S. Jiang , T. J. Jiang , X. S. Jiang , Y. Jiang , J. B. Jiao , Z. Jiao , S. Jin , Y. Jin , M. Q. Jing , T. Johansson , S. Kabana , N. Kalantar-Nayestanaki , X. L. Kang , X. S. Kang , R. Kappert , M. Kavatsyuk , B. C. Ke , A. Khoukaz , R. Kiuchi , R. Kliemt , O. B. Kolcu , B. Kopf , M. Kuessner , X. Kui , A. Kupsc , W. Kühn , J. J. Lane , P. Larin , A. Lavania , L. Lavezzi , T. T. Lei , Z. H. Lei , H. Leithoff , M. Lellmann , T. Lenz , C. Li , C. Li , C. H. Li , Cheng Li , D. M. Li , F. Li , G. Li , H. Li , H. B. Li , H. J. Li , H. N. Li , Hui Li , J. R. Li , J. S. Li , J. W. Li , K. L. Li , Ke Li , L. J Li , L. K. Li , LeiLi , M. H. Li , P. R. Li , Q. X. Li , S. X. Li , T. Li , W. D. Li , W. G. Li , X. H. Li , X. L. Li , Xiaoyu Li , Y. G. Li , Z. J. Li , C. Liang , H. Liang , H. Liang , H. Liang , Y. F. Liang , Y. T. Liang , G. R. Liao , L. Z. Liao , Y. P. Liao , J. Libby , A. Limphirat , D. X. Lin , T. Lin , B. J. Liu , B. X. Liu , C. Liu , C. X. Liu , F. H. Liu , Fang Liu , Feng Liu , G. M. Liu , H. Liu , H. M. Liu , Huanhuan Liu , Huihui Liu , J. B. Liu , J. L. Liu , J. Y. Liu , K. Liu , K. Y. Liu , Ke Liu , L. Liu , L. C. Liu , Lu Liu , M. H. Liu , P. L. Liu , Q. Liu , S. B. Liu , T. Liu , W. K. Liu , W. M. Liu , X. Liu , Y. Liu , Y. Liu , Y. B. Liu , Z. A. Liu , Z. Q. Liu , X. C. Lou , F. X. Lu , H. J. Lu , J. G. Lu , X. L. Lu , Y. Lu , Y. P. Lu , Z. H. Lu , C. L. Luo , M. X. Luo , T. Luo , X. L. Luo , X. R. Lyu , Y. F. Lyu , F. C. Ma , H. L. Ma , J. L. Ma , L. L. Ma , M. M. Ma , Q. M. Ma , R. Q. Ma , R. T. Ma , X. Y. Ma , Y. Ma , Y. M. Ma , F. E. Maas , M. Maggiora , S. Malde , Q. A. Malik , A. Mangoni , Y. J. Mao , Z. P. Mao , S. Marcello , Z. X. Meng , J. G. Messchendorp , G. Mezzadri , H. Miao , T. J. Min , R. E. Mitchell , X. H. Mo , N. Yu. Muchnoi , J. Muskalla , Y. Nefedov , F. Nerling , I. B. Nikolaev , Z. Ning , S. Nisar , Y. Niu , S. L. Olsen , Q. Ouyang , S. Pacetti , X. Pan , Y. Pan , A. Pathak , P. Patteri , Y. P. Pei , M. Pelizaeus , H. P. Peng , K. Peters , J. L. Ping , R. G. Ping , S. Plura , S. Pogodin , V. Prasad , F. Z. Qi , H. Qi , H. R. Qi , M. Qi , T. Y. Qi , S. Qian , W. B. Qian , C. F. Qiao , J. J. Qin , L. Q. Qin , X. P. Qin , X. S. Qin , Z. H. Qin , J. F. Qiu , S. Q. Qu , C. F. Redmer , K. J. Ren , A. Rivetti , V. Rodin , M. Rolo , G. Rong , Ch. Rosner , S. N. Ruan , N. Salone , A. Sarantsev , Y. Schelhaas , K. Schoenning , M. Scodeggio , K. Y. Shan , W. Shan , X. Y. Shan , J. F. Shangguan , L. G. Shao , M. Shao , C. P. Shen , H. F. Shen , W. H. Shen , X. Y. Shen , B. A. Shi , H. C. Shi , J. L. Shi , J. Y. Shi , Q. Q. Shi , R. S. Shi , X. Shi , J. J. Song , T. Z. Song , W. M. Song , Y. J. Song , Y. X. Song , S. Sosio , S. Spataro , F. Stieler , Y. J. Su , G. B. Sun , G. X. Sun , H. Sun , H. K. Sun , J. F. Sun , K. Sun , L. Sun , S. S. Sun , T. Sun , W. Y. Sun , Y. Sun , Y. J. Sun , Y. Z. Sun , Z. T. Sun , Y. X. Tan , C. J. Tang , G. Y. Tang , J. Tang , Y. A. Tang , L. YTao , Q. T. Tao , M. Tat , J. X. Teng , V. Thoren , W. H. Tian , W. H. Tian , Y. Tian , Z. F. Tian , I. Uman , S. J. Wang , B. Wang , B. L. Wang , Bo Wang , C. W. Wang , D. Y. Wang , F. Wang , H. J. Wang , H. P. Wang , J. P. Wang , K. Wang , L. L. Wang , M. Wang , Meng Wang , S. Wang , S. Wang , T. Wang , T. J. Wang , W. Wang , W. Wang , W. P. Wang , X. Wang , X. F. Wang , X. J. Wang , X. L. Wang , Y. Wang , Y. D. Wang , Y. F. Wang , Y. H. Wang , Y. N. Wang , Y. Q. Wang , YaqianWang , Yi Wang , Z. Wang , Z. L. Wang , Z. Y. Wang , Ziyi Wang , D. Wei , D. H. Wei , F. Weidner , S. P. Wen , C. W. Wenzel , U. Wiedner , G. Wilkinson , M. Wolke , L. Wollenberg , C. Wu , J. F. Wu , L. H. Wu , L. J. Wu , X. Wu , X. H. Wu , Y. Wu , Y. J. Wu , Z. Wu , L. Xia , X. M. Xian , T. Xiang , D. Xiao , G. Y. Xiao , S. Y. Xiao , Y. L. Xiao , Z. J. Xiao , C. Xie , X. H. Xie , Y. Xie , Y. G. Xie , Y. H. Xie , Z. P. Xie , T. Y. Xing , C. F. Xu , C. J. Xu , G. F. Xu , H. Y. Xu , Q. J. Xu , Q. N. Xu , W. Xu , W. L. Xu , X. P. Xu , Y. C. Xu , Z. P. Xu , Z. S. Xu , F. Yan , L. Yan , W. B. Yan , W. C. Yan , X. Q. Yan , H. J. Yang , H. L. Yang , H. X. Yang , Tao Yang , Y. Yang , Y. F. Yang , Y. X. Yang , Yifan Yang , Z. W. Yang , Z. P. Yao , M. Ye , M. H. Ye , J. H. Yin , Z. Y. You , B. X. Yu , C. X. Yu , G. Yu , J. S. Yu , T. Yu , X. D. Yu , C. Z. Yuan , L. Yuan , S. C. Yuan , X. Q. Yuan , Y. Yuan , Z. Y. Yuan , C. X. Yue , A. A. Zafar , F. R. Zeng , X. Zeng , Y. Zeng , Y. J. Zeng , X. Y. Zhai , Y. C. Zhai , Y. H. Zhan , A. Q. Zhang , B. L. Zhang , B. X. Zhang , D. H. Zhang , G. Y. Zhang , H. Zhang , H. H. Zhang , H. H. Zhang , H. Q. Zhang , H. Y. Zhang , J. J. Zhang , J. L. Zhang , J. Q. Zhang , J. W. Zhang , J. X. Zhang , J. Y. Zhang , J. Z. Zhang , Jianyu Zhang , Jiawei Zhang , L. M. Zhang , L. Q. Zhang , Lei Zhang , P. Zhang , Q. Y. Zhang , Shuihan Zhang , Shulei Zhang , X. D. Zhang , X. M. Zhang , X. Y. Zhang , Xuyan Zhang , Y. Zhang , Y. Zhang , Y. T. Zhang , Y. H. Zhang , Yan Zhang , Yao Zhang , Z. H. Zhang , Z. L. Zhang , Z. Y. Zhang , Z. Y. Zhang , G. Zhao , J. Zhao , J. Y. Zhao , J. Z. Zhao , LeiZhao , LingZhao , M. G. Zhao , S. J. Zhao , Y. B. Zhao , Y. X. Zhao , Z. G. Zhao , A. Zhemchugov , B. Zheng , J. P. Zheng , W. J. Zheng , Y. H. Zheng , B. Zhong , X. Zhong , H. Zhou , L. P. Zhou , X. Zhou , X. K. Zhou , X. R. Zhou , X. Y. Zhou , Y. Z. Zhou , J. Zhu , K. Zhu , K. J. Zhu , L. Zhu , L. X. Zhu , S. H. Zhu , S. Q. Zhu , T. J. Zhu , W. J. Zhu , Y. C. Zhu , Z. A. Zhu , J. H. Zou , J. Zu

Three classes of local hidden-variable models that violate both Bell and Leggett inequalities are presented. The models, however, do not reproduce the quantum mechanical predictions, hence they are experimentally testable. It is concluded…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2011-04-25 Antonio Di Lorenzo

It is shown that when properly analyzed using principles consistent with the use of a Hilbert space to describe microscopic properties, quantum mechanics is a local theory: one system cannot influence another system with which it does not…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2020-03-04 Robert B. Griffiths

Bell inequalities define experimentally observable quantities to detect non-locality. In general, they involve correlation functions of all the parties. Unfortunately, these measurements are hard to implement for systems consisting of many…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2014-07-14 J. Tura , R. Augusiak , A. B. Sainz , T. Vértesi , M. Lewenstein , A. Acín

We generalize the derivation of Leggett-Garg inequalities to systematically treat a larger class of experimental situations by allowing multi-particle correlations, invasive detection, and ambiguous detector results. Furthermore, we show…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2015-03-18 J. Dressel , C. J. Broadbent , J. C. Howell , A. N. Jordan

We analyse the recent claim that a violation of a Bell's inequality has been observed in the $B$--meson system [A. Go, {\em Journal of Modern Optics} {\bf 51} (2004) 991]. The results of this experiment are a convincing proof of quantum…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2009-11-10 A. Bramon , R. Escribano , G. Garbarino

I make some critical comments on the article "An experimental test of non-local realism", by S. Groblacher, T. Paterek, R. Kaltenbaek, C. Brukner, M. Zukowski, M. Aspelmeyer, & A. Zeilinger, Nature 446, p. 871-875 (2007). This article makes…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2008-09-24 Daniel Victor Tausk

Experiments showing the violation of Bell inequalities have formed our belief that the world at its smallest is genuinely non-local. While many non-locality experiments use the first quantised picture, the physics of fields of…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2013-05-29 Libby Heaney , Janet Anders

According to Bell's theorem, any model based on local variables cannot reproduce certain quantum correlations. A critical question is whether one could devise an alternative framework, based on nonlocal variables, to reproduce quantum…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-01-07 Jianqi Sheng , Dongkai Zhang , Lixiang Chen

Quantum mechanics is strictly incompatible with local realism. It has been shown by Bell and others that it is possible, in principle, to experimentally differentiate between local realism and quantum mechanics. Numerous experiments have…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2018-05-24 Patrick Fraser , Barry Sanders

Bell's theorem shows that local realistic theories place strong restrictions on observable correlations between different systems, giving rise to Bell's inequality which can be violated in experiments using entangled quantum states. Bell's…

Adopting the frame of mesoscopic physics, we describe a Bell type experiment involving time-delayed two-particle correlation measurements. The indistinguishability of quantum particles results in a specific interference between different…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2009-11-13 A. V. Lebedev , G. Blatter

The predictions of local realistic theories for the observables concerning the evolution of a $K^0\bar{K}^0$ quantum entangled pair (created in the decay of the $\phi$-meson) are discussed. It is shown, in agreement with Bell's theorem,…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2009-11-06 R. H. Dalitz , G. Garbarino

We formulate the expectation value of the Bell-Zukowski operator acting on qubit states of a two-particle Bell experiment. By using the equivalence between a set of N copies of a two-qubit experiment and a standard two-setting Bell…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2015-05-13 Koji Nagata , Jaewook Ahn

The Bell inequality constrains the outcomes of measurements on pairs of distant entangled particles. The Bell contradiction states that the Bell inequality is inconsistent with the calculated outcomes of these quantum experiments. This…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-03-03 Kees van Hee , Kees van Berkel , Jan de Graaf

Experimental tests of Bell's inequality allow to distinguish quantum mechanics from local hidden variable theories. Such tests are performed by measuring correlations of two entangled particles (e.g. polarization of photons or spins of…

Bell's inequalities are defined by sums of correlations involving non-commuting observables in each of the two systems. Violations of Bell's inequalities are only possible because the precision of any joint measurement of these observables…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2021-11-17 Kengo Matsuyama , Holger F. Hofmann , Masataka Iinuma