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We outline the rationale and preliminary results of using the state context property (SCOP) formalism, originally developed as a generalization of quantum mechanics, to describe the contextual manner in which concepts are evoked, used and…

Neurons and Cognition · Quantitative Biology 2013-11-05 Liane Gabora , Diederik Aerts

We outline the rationale and preliminary results of using the State Context Property (SCOP) formalism, originally developed as a generalization of quantum mechanics, to describe the contextual manner in which concepts are evoked, used, and…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2013-11-02 Liane Gabora , Diederik Aerts

We propose a theory for modeling concepts that uses the state-context-property theory (SCOP), a generalization of the quantum formalism, whose basic notions are states, contexts and properties. This theory enables us to incorporate context…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2010-04-16 Diederik Aerts , Liane Gabora

The quantum inspired State Context Property (SCOP) theory of concepts is unique amongst theories of concepts in offering a means of incorporating that for each concept in each different context there are an unlimited number of exemplars, or…

Neurons and Cognition · Quantitative Biology 2013-10-31 Tomas Veloz , Liane Gabora , Mark Eyjolfson , Diederik Aerts

Research in the application of quantum structures to cognitive science confirms that these structures quite systematically appear in the dynamics of concepts and their combinations and quantum-based models faithfully represent experimental…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2015-12-31 Diederik Aerts , Sandro Sozzo

We have recently presented a general scheme enabling quantum modeling of different types of situations that violate Bell's inequalities. In this paper, we specify this scheme for a combination of two concepts. We work out a quantum Hilbert…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2015-12-31 Diederik Aerts , Sandro Sozzo

We work out a quantum-theoretic model in complex Hilbert space of a recently performed test on co-occurrencies of two concepts and their combination in retrieval processes on specific corpuses of documents. The test violated the…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-02-27 Diederik Aerts , Lester Beltran , Suzette Geriente , Sandro Sozzo

We analyze different aspects of our quantum modeling approach of human concepts, and more specifically focus on the quantum effects of contextuality, interference, entanglement and emergence, illustrating how each of them makes its…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2014-03-18 Diederik Aerts , Liane Gabora , Sandro Sozzo

We present modeling for conceptual combinations which uses the mathematical formalism of quantum theory. Our model faithfully describes a large amount of experimental data collected by different scholars on concept conjunctions and…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2015-12-31 Diederik Aerts , Sandro Sozzo

The sets of contexts and properties of a concept are embedded in the complex Hilbert space of quantum mechanics. States are unit vectors or density operators, and contexts and properties are orthogonal projections. The way calculations are…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2010-04-16 Diederik Aerts , Liane Gabora

The mathematical formalism of quantum theory exhibits significant effectiveness when applied to cognitive phenomena that have resisted traditional (set theoretical) modeling. Relying on a decade of research on the operational foundations of…

Theories of natural language and concepts have been unable to model the flexibility, creativity, context-dependence, and emergence, exhibited by words, concepts and their combinations. The mathematical formalism of quantum theory has…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2016-09-09 Diederik Aerts , Jan Broekaert , Liane Gabora , Sandro Sozzo

Quantum entanglement is a phenomenon in which two physical systems are correlated in such a way that they appear to instantaneously affect one another, regardless of the distance between them. As commonly understood, Bell's Theorem famously…

Physics and Society · Physics 2025-11-07 Nicholas Godfrey , Ted Sichelman

Conceptual entanglement is a crucial phenomenon in quantum cognition because it implies that classical probabilities cannot model non--compositional conceptual phenomena. While several psychological experiments have been developed to test…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2019-09-24 Tomas Veloz , Xiazhao Zhao , Diederik Aerts

Entanglement, including ``quantum entanglement,'' is a consequence of correlation between objects. When the objects are subunits of pairs which in turn are members of an ensemble described by a wave function, a correlation among the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2009-11-07 A. F. Kracklauer

We provide a general description of the phenomenon of entanglement in bipartite systems, as it manifests in micro and macro physical systems, as well as in human cognitive processes. We do so by observing that when genuine coincidence…

The broader scope of our investigations is the search for the way in which concepts and their combinations carry and influence meaning and what this implies for human thought. More specifically, we examine the use of the mathematical…

Mathematical Physics · Physics 2010-04-16 Diederik Aerts

We work out a classification scheme for quantum modeling in Hilbert space of any kind of composite entity violating Bell's inequalities and exhibiting entanglement. Our theoretical framework includes situations with entangled states and…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2015-12-31 Diederik Aerts , Sandro Sozzo

The quantum mechanics formalism introduced new revolutionary concepts challenging our everyday perceptions. Arguably, quantum entanglement, which explains correlations that cannot be reproduced classically, is the most notable of them.…

Various topics concerning the entanglement of composite quantum systems are considered with particular emphasis concerning the strict relations of such a problem with the one of attributing objective properties to the constituents. Most of…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2007-05-23 Giancarlo Ghirardi , Luca Marinatto , Tullio Weber
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