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In this work we present the first results from a new ray-tracing tool to calculate cosmological distances in the context of fully nonlinear general relativity. We use this tool to study the ability of the general cosmographic representation…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2023-03-15 Hayley J. Macpherson

We discuss the effect of curvature and matter inhomogeneities on the averaged scalar curvature of the present-day Universe. Motivated by studies of averaged inhomogeneous cosmologies, we contemplate on the question whether it is sensible to…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2008-11-26 Thomas Buchert , Mauro Carfora

We examine observational consequences of the cosmological light-cone effect on the power spectrum of the distribution of galaxies and quasars from upcoming redshift surveys. First we derive an expression for the power spectrum of…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-10-12 Kazuhiro Yamamoto , Hiroaki Nishioka , Yasushi Suto

This thesis deals with the averaging problem in cosmology, which has gained considerable interest in recent years, and is concerned with correction terms (after averaging inhomogeneities) that appear in the Einstein equations when working…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2009-10-06 Aseem Paranjape

The Cosmological Principle is the assumption that the universe is spatially homogeneous and isotropic in the large-scale average. In year 1998 the author, together with his two colleagues, has shown that the BATSE's short gamma-ray bursts…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2020-01-08 Attila Meszaros

Formulae for the line-of-sight and transverse comoving distances, proper motion distance, angular diameter distance, luminosity distance, k-correction, distance modulus, comoving volume, lookback time, age, and object intersection…

Astrophysics · Physics 2007-05-23 David W. Hogg

The non-linear relation between X-ray and UV luminosity in quasars can be used to estimate their distance. Recently, we have shown that despite the large dispersion of the relation, a Hubble Diagram made of large samples of quasars can…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2017-05-10 G. Risaliti , E. Lusso

We show how to provide suitable gauge invariant prescriptions for the classical spatial averages (resp. quantum expectation values) that are needed in the evaluation of classical (resp. quantum) backreaction effects. We also present…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2009-03-24 M. Gasperini , G. Marozzi , G. Veneziano

The convergence of the third order general cosmographic expansion of the luminosity distance is examined using several versions of a semi-realistic model of our local cosmic neighborhood, based on publicly available density and velocity…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2025-11-03 S. M. Koksbang

Quantum cosmology is traditionally formulated in a minisuperspace setting, implicitly averaging fields over space to obtain homogeneous models. For universal reasons related to the uncertainty principle, quantum corrections then depend on…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2019-06-05 Martin Bojowald

The cosmological origin of cosmic gamma-ray bursts is tested using the method of peak alignment for the averaging of time profiles. The test is applied to the basic cosmological model with standard sources, which postulates that difference…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-10-30 I. G. Mitrofanov , M. L. Litvak , D. A. Ushakov

The inflation-free solution of problems of the modern cosmology (horizon, cosmic initial data, Planck era, arrow of time, singularity,homogeneity, and so on) is considered in the conformal-invariant unified theory given in the space with…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2014-11-17 V. Pervushin , D. Proskurin

The Friedmann equation is derived for a Newtonian universe. Changing mass density to energy density gives exactly the Friedmann equation of general relativity. Accounting for work done by pressure then yields the two Einstein equations that…

Astrophysics · Physics 2015-06-24 Thomas F. Jordan

I give a compact, pedagogical review of our present understanding of the universe as based on general relativity. This includes the uniform models, with special reference to the cosmological 'constant'; and the equations for…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2012-08-17 Paul S. Wesson

We study the evolution of cosmological perturbations, using a hybrid approximation scheme which upgrades the weak-field limit of Einstein's field equations to account for post-Newtonian scalar and vector metric perturbations and for…

Astrophysics · Physics 2007-05-23 Carmelita Carbone , Sabino Matarrese

The subject of cosmological backreaction in General Relativity is often approached by coordinate-dependent and metric-based analyses. We present in this letter an averaging formalism for the scalar parts of Einstein's equations that is…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2018-12-04 Thomas Buchert , Pierre Mourier , Xavier Roy

We present a fitting formula for the luminosity and angular diameter distances in cosmological models with pressureless matter, a cosmological constant and zero spatial curvature. The formula has a relative error of less than 0.4% for…

Astrophysics · Physics 2011-05-23 Ue-Li Pen

Gravitational waves detected from well-localized inspiraling binaries would allow us to determine, directly and independently, binary luminosity and redshift. In this case, such systems could behave as "standard candles" providing an…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2015-06-03 Ivan De Martino , Salvatore Capozziello , Mariafelicia De Laurentis , Michelangelo Formisano

We give an outline of an algorithm designed to reconstruct the background cosmological metric within the class of spherically symmetric dust universes that may include a cosmological constant. Luminosity and age data are used to derive…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2016-01-29 Hertzog L. Bester , Julien Larena , Nigel T. Bishop

This article looks at how inhomogeneous spacetime models may be significant for cosmology. First it looks at how the averaging process may affect large scale dynamics, with backreaction effects leading to effective contributions to the…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2015-05-27 George F R Ellis