Related papers: Waring's problem for polynomials in two variables

Let $k \geq 2$ and $b \geq 3$ be integers, and suppose that $d_1, d_2 \in \{0,1,\dots, b - 1\}$ are distinct and coprime. Let $\mathcal{S}$ be the set of non-negative integers, all of whose digits in base $b$ are either $d_1$ or $d_2$. Then…

Given a natural number $n \geq 2$, an integer $k$ and for a judiciously chosen $l = l(n)$ we give necessary and sufficient conditions for the polynomial $f_{n,k} = \big( \sum_{i=1}^{l} x_{i}^{n} \big) - k$ to have roots modulo every…

Let n,k be the positive integers, and let S_{k}(n) be the sums of the k-th power of positive integers up to n. By means of that we consider the evaluation of the sum of more general series by Bernstein polynomials. Additionally we show the…

Let K be a field of characteristic p>0, and let q be a power of p. We determine all polynomials f in K[t]\K[t^p] of degree q(q-1)/2 such that the Galois group of f(t)-u over K(u) has a transitive normal subgroup isomorphic to PSL_2(q),…

We consider the problem of defining polynomials over function fields of positive characteristic. Among other results, we show that the following assertions are true. 1. Let $\G_p$ be an algebraic extension of a field of $p$ elements and…

For positive integers $n>k$, let $P_{n,k}(x)=\displaystyle\sum_{j=0}^k \binom{n}{j}x^j $ be the polynomial obtained by truncating the binomial expansion of $(1+x)^n$ at the $k^{th}$ stage. These polynomials arose in the investigation of…

In this paper, Euler gives the general trionomial coefficient as a sum of the binomial coefficients, the general quadrinomial coefficient as a sum of the binomial and trinomial coefficients, the general quintonomial coefficient as a sum of…

We study divisibility properties of certain sums and alternating sums involving binomial coefficients and powers of integers. For example, we prove that for all positive integers $n_1,..., n_m$, $n_{m+1}=n_1$, and any nonnegative integer…

We address two interrelated problems concerning the permutation of roots of univariate polynomials whose coefficients depend on parameters. First, we compute the Galois group of polynomials $\varphi(x)\in\mathbb{C}[y_1,\cdots,y_k][x]$ over…

We establish sharp estimates that adapt the polynomial method to arbitrary varieties. These include a partitioning theorem, estimates on polynomials vanishing on fixed sets and bounds for the number of connected components of real algebraic…

Due to Girard's (sometimes called Waring's) formula the sum of the $r-$th power of the zeros of every one variable polynomial of degree $N$, $P_{N}(x)$, can be given explicitly in terms of the coefficients of the monic ${\tilde P}_{N}(x)$…

For a point of the projective space $\PG(n,q)$, its R\'edei factor is the linear polynomial in $n+1$ variables, whose coefficients are the point coordinates. The power sum polynomial of a subset $S$ of $\PG(n,q)$ is the sum of the…

Let $K$ be a field of characteristic zero. We deal with the algebraic closure of the field of fractions of the ring of formal power series $K[[x_1,\ldots,x_r]]$, $r\geq 2$. More precisely, we view the latter as a subfield of an iterated…

Let $k$ be an algebraically closed field of characteristic zero and $P(x,y)\in k[x,y]$ be a polynomial which depends on all its variables. $P$ has an algebraic constraint if the set $\{(P(a,b),(P(a',b'),P(a',b),P(a,b')\,|\,a,a',b,b'\in k\}$…

We study the problem of how many different sums of squares decompositions a general polynomial $f$ with SOS-rank $k$ admits. We show that there is a link between the variety $\mathrm{SOS}_k(f)$ of all SOS-decompositions of $f$ and the…

A presentation of a degree $d$ form in $n+1$ variables as the sum of homogenous elements ``essentially'' involving $n$ variables is called a {\em codimension one decomposition}. Codimension one decompositions are introduced and the related…

The variety of sums of powers of a homogeneous polynomial of degree d in n variables is defined and investigated in some examples, old and new. These varieties are studied via apolarity and syzygies. Classical results of Sylvester (1851),…

In this paper, we investigate two methods to express the natural powers of $2$ as sums over integer partitions. First we consider a formula by N. J. Fine that allows us to express a binomial coefficient in terms of multinomial coefficients…

We give an overview of combinatoric properties of the number of ordered $k$-factorizations $f_k(n,l)$ of an integer, where every factor is greater or equal to $l$. We show that for a large number $k$ of factors, the value of the cumulative…

We study a new kind of symmetric polynomials P_n(x_1,...,x_m) of degree n in m real variables, which have arisen in the theory of numerical semigroups. We establish their basic properties and find their representation through the power sums…