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It has been suggested that re-expressing relativity in terms of forces could provide fresh insights. The formalism developed for this purpose only applied to static, or conformally static, space-times. Here we extend it to arbitrary…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2008-11-26 Asghar Qadir , M. Sharif

In the Comment [Eur. J. Phys., to be published] on our paper [Eur. J. Phys. 19 (1998) 1-6], the author declares that we claim that the ratio of inertial mass to gravitational mass can be derived ex nihilo and that our paper was published…

Classical Physics · Physics 2007-05-23 Andrew E. Chubykalo , Stoyan J. Vlaev

The principal subject of this thesis is the gravitational two-body problem in the extreme-mass-ratio regime---that is, where one mass is significantly smaller than the other---in the full context of our contemporary theory of gravity,…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2019-12-16 Marius Oltean

It is generally assumed that any discrepancy between an object's inertial and gravitational masses, leading to a violation of the equivalence principle, arises from the nature of its internal constituents and their interactions. We show…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2025-12-22 Saurya Das , Mitja Fridman , Sourav Sur

The intrinsic angular momentum, or spin, is a cornerstone of modern physics with profound applications from nuclear magnetic resonance to spintronics. While its mathematical structure within quantum theory is well-defined, its fundamental…

General Physics · Physics 2025-09-30 H. Razmi , A. MohammadKazemi

Newton second law of dynamics is a law of motion but also a useful definition of force (F=MA) or inertial mass (M=F/A), assuming a definition of acceleration and parallelism of force and acceleration. In the special theory of relativity,…

History and Philosophy of Physics · Physics 2021-04-20 Grzegorz M. Koczan

Irreversibility remains one of the least understood concepts in physics. One of the main reasons is the fact that the fundamental laws of classical and quantum physics are time symmetric, whereas macroscopic processes evolve in a preferred…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2020-09-28 Bertúlio de Lima Bernardo

Modern cosmology successfully deals with the origin and the evolution of the Universe at large scales, but it is unable to completely answer the question about the nature of the fundamental objects that it is describing. As a matter of…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2021-12-08 Aldo Ianni , Massimo Mannarelli , Nicola Rossi

We try to understand how particles acquire mass in general, and in particular, how they acquire mass in the standard model and beyond.

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2007-05-23 B. Hoeneisen

A field state containing photons propagating in different directions has a non vanishing mass which is a quantum observable. We interpret the shift of this mass under transformations to accelerated frames as defining space-time observables…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2010-12-17 Marc-Thierry Jaekel , Serge Reynaud

The status of our understanding of relativistic sum rules is reviewed. The recent development of new theoretical methods for the evaluation of these sum rules offers hope for further advances in this challenging field. These new techniques…

Atomic Physics · Physics 2015-06-26 Scott M. Cohen

A new approach to relativistic mechanics is proposed, suitable to describe dynamics of different kinds of relativistic particles. Mathematically it is based on an application of the recent geometric theory of nonholonomic systems on fibred…

Mathematical Physics · Physics 2009-04-21 Olga Krupkova , Jana Musilova

We investigate the possibility of negative mass particles and whether physics as we know it today allows or excludes their existence and what properties they might have in the light these laws. We show that nothing prohibit their existence,…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2021-06-14 Faical Barzi

The masses of the quarks and leptons are for the most part a mystery to particle physicists. Currently there seems to be no correlation between the masses of the elementary particles. This paper is an attempt to formulate a theory that…

Nuclear Theory · Physics 2007-05-23 Theodore M. Lach

The mass spectrum problem (the 14th Ginzburg's problem) is analyzed in terms of the conventional reductional and alternative holistic frameworks. From the holistic viewpoint, substance (the same as energy) is the primary concept and…

General Physics · Physics 2023-11-29 V. V. Varlamov

The concept of {\it active gravitational mass}, its definition and its relation with the sources of a gravitational field, was clearly established by Tolman in 1934. On the contrary, and surprisingly in our opinion, the concept of {\it…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2009-06-12 Ll. Bel , J. Martin-Martin

A novel theory of the structure of elementary particles is outlined. The proposed relativistic covariant space-time approach supposes that all massive particles are composite particles formed by massless elementary particles with opposite…

General Physics · Physics 2022-11-02 Harald Rose

The principle of mass additivity states that the mass of a composite object is the sum of the masses of its elementary components. Mass additivity is true in Newtonian mechanics but false in special relativity. Physicists have explained why…

History and Philosophy of Physics · Physics 2015-01-30 Kelvin J. McQueen

This paper collects a consistent body of information on the observable Universe, from which an estimate of the total mass of the Universe is calculated as a function of the angle whose vertex is at the center of the Universe, and whose…

Classical Physics · Physics 2007-05-23 R. Alvargonzalez , L. S. Soto

The physical property of mass has two distinct aspects, gravitational mass and inertial mass. The weight of a particle depends on its gravitational mass. According to the weak form of the equivalence principle, the gravitational and…

General Physics · Physics 2007-05-23 Fran De Aquino
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