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Entanglement swapping is a process by which two initially independent quantum systems can become entangled and generate nonlocal correlations. To characterize such correlations, we compare them to those predicted by bilocal models, where…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2012-03-23 Cyril Branciard , Denis Rosset , Nicolas Gisin , Stefano Pironio

Two dual questions in quantum information theory are to determine the communication cost of simulating a bipartite unitary gate, and to determine their communication capacities. We present a bipartite unitary gate with two surprising…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2011-08-04 Aram W. Harrow , Debbie W. Leung

Entanglement bits or ``ebits'' have been proposed as a quantitative measure of a fundamental resource in quantum information processing. For such an interpretation to be valid, it is important to show that the same number of ebits in…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2009-10-31 Hoi-Kwong Lo , Sandu Popescu

We propose a probabilistic two-party communication complexity scenario with a prior nonmaximally entangled state, which results in less communication than that is required with only classical random correlations. A simple all-optical…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2019-08-17 Peng Xue , Yun-Feng Huang , Yong-Sheng Zhang , Chuan-Feng Li , Guang-Can Guo

Recent work has extended Bell's theorem by quantifying the amount of communication required to simulate entangled quantum systems with classical information. The general scenario is that a bipartite measurement is given from a set of…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2009-11-06 Serge Massar , Dave Bacon , Nicolas Cerf , Richard Cleve

A basic problem of quantum communication is to generate entangled states between distant sites. Using entanglement swapping, we are able to generate an entangled state of the desired distance from connecting many short distance entangled…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2009-03-24 Heng Fan , Zi-Dan Wang , Vlatko Vedral

We generalize the procedure of entanglement swapping to obtain a scheme for manipulating entanglement in multiparticle systems. We describe how this scheme allows to establish multiparticle entanglement between particles belonging to…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2008-12-30 S. Bose , V. Vedral , P. L. Knight

Understanding the classical communication cost of simulating a quantum channel is a fundamental problem in quantum information theory, which becomes even more intriguing when considering the role of non-locality in quantum information…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-07-29 Chengkai Zhu , Xuanqiang Zhao , Xin Wang

Quantum teleportation strikingly underlines the peculiar features of the quantum world. We present an experimental proof of its quantum nature, teleporting an entangled photon with such high quality that the nonlocal quantum correlations…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2009-11-07 Thomas Jennewein , Gregor Weihs , Jian-Wei Pan , Anton Zeilinger

Quantum entanglement is a fundamental feature of quantum mechanics, yet certain entangled states that are unsteerable can be classically simulated in steering scenarios, making them unable to exhibit quantum steering. Despite their…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-11-05 Yujie Zhang , Jiaxuan Zhang , Eric Chitambar

Quantum nonlocality concerns correlations among spatially separated systems that cannot be classically explained without post-measurement communication among the parties. Thus, a natural measure of nonlocal correlations is provided by the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2016-02-26 Alberto Montina , Stefan Wolf

Entangled states that cannot be distilled to maximal entanglement are called bound entangled and they are often viewed as too weak to break the limitations of classical models. Here, we show a strongly contrasting result: that bound…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-03-09 Armin Tavakoli , Carles Roch i Carceller , Lucas Tendick , Tamás Vértesi

Quantum entanglement is a key physical resource in quantum information processing that allows for performing basic quantum tasks such as teleportation and quantum key distribution, which are impossible in the classical world. Ever since the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2020-07-29 Xin Wang , Mark M. Wilde

Entanglement swapping entangles two particles that have never interacted[1], which implicitly assumes that each particle carries an independent local hidden variable, i.e., the presence of bilocality[2]. Previous experimental studies of…

We present a two-player communication task that can be solved by a protocol of polylogarithmic cost in the simultaneous message passing model with classical communication and shared entanglement, but requires exponentially more…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2022-03-29 Dmytro Gavinsky

We revisit the task of visible compression of an ensemble of quantum states with entanglement assistance in the one-shot setting. The protocols achieving the best compression use many more qubits of shared entanglement than the number of…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2020-07-06 Shima Bab Hadiashar , Ashwin Nayak

The distribution of entanglement between macroscopically separated parties represents a crucial protocol for future quantum information networks. Surprisingly, it has been theoretically shown that two distant systems can be entangled by…

Entanglement swapping generates remote quantum correlations between particles that have not interacted and is the cornerstone of long-distance quantum communication, quantum networks, and fundamental tests of quantum science. In the context…

Entanglement assistance is known to reduce the quantum communication complexity of evaluating functions with distributed inputs. But does the type of entanglement matter, or are EPR pairs always sufficient? This is a natural question…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2019-07-17 Matthew Coudron , Aram W. Harrow

The entanglement cost of a quantum channel is the minimal rate at which entanglement (between sender and receiver) is needed in order to simulate many copies of a quantum channel in the presence of free classical communication. In this…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2015-11-03 Mario Berta , Fernando Brandao , Matthias Christandl , Stephanie Wehner