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Superconductivity arises from two distinct quantum phenomena: electron pairing and long-range phase coherence. In conventional superconductors, the two quantum phenomena generally take place simultaneously, while the electron pairing occurs…
Underdoped cuprate superconductors are believed to be strongly correlated with electronic systems with small phase stiffness leading to a large phase fluctuation region is known as the pseudogap state. With increasing doping it is generally…
One of the major themes in correlated electron physics over the last quarter century has been the problem of high-temperature superconductivity in hole-doped copper-oxide compounds. Fundamental to this problem is the competition between…
The presence of different electronic orders other than superconductivity populating the phase diagram of cuprates suggests that they might be the key to disclose the mysteries of this class of materials. In particular charge order in the…
Several ideas that have been shown to apply to superconductors and the cuprates in particular are joined together to form a mechanism for high temperature superconductivity. The mechanism is basically a weak BCS(1)type coupling between the…
Cuprates are d-wave superconductors which exhibit a rich phase diagram: they are characterized by superconducting fluctuations even above the critical temperature, and thermal disorder can reduce or suppress the phase coherence. However,…
The interplay of structural and electronic phases in iron-based superconductors is a central theme in the search for the superconducting pairing mechanism. While electronic nematicity, defined as the breaking of four-fold symmetry triggered…
While it was known that High Temperature Superconductivity appears in cuprates showing complex multiscale phase separation due to inhomogeneous charge density wave (CDW) order, the spatial distribution of CDW domains remained an open…
Studying the disappearance of superconductivity at the end of the overdoped region of the cuprate phase diagram offers a different approach for investigating the interaction which is responsible for pairing in these materials. In the…
The one-particle spectral function of a state formed by superconducting (SC) clusters is studied via Monte Carlo techniques. The clusters have similar SC amplitudes but randomly distributed phases. This state is stabilized by the…
Understanding the origin of the pseudogap is an essential step towards elucidating the pairing mechanism in the cuprate superconductors. Recently there has been strong experimental evidence showing that C4 symmetry breaking occurs on…
We introduce structural heterogeneity, a new topological characteristic for semi-ordered materials that captures their degree of organisation at a mesoscopic level and tracks their time-evolution, ultimately detecting the order-disorder…
The presence of optical polarization anisotropies, such as Faraday/Kerr effects, linear birefringence, and magnetoelectric birefringence are evidence for broken symmetry states of matter. The recent discovery of a Kerr effect using near-IR…
A wide variety of experimental results and theoretical investigations in recent years have convincingly demonstrated that several transition metal oxides and other materials, have dominant states that are not spatially homogeneous. This…
This paper is concerned with the idea that the electron is fractionalized in the cuprate high-$T_c$ materials. We show how the notion of topological order may be used to develop a precise theoretical characterization of a fractionalized…
Over the past two decades, advances in computational algorithms have revealed a curious property of the two-dimensional Hubbard model (and related theories) with hole doping: the presence of close-in-energy competing ground states that…
Phase separation has been observed by several different experiments and it is believed to be closely related with the physics of cuprates but its exactly role is not yet well known. We propose that the onset of pseudogap phenomenon or the…
A toy model is developed to capture "dance of pre-formed pairs" in the pseudogap state of high temperature cuprate superconductors. The model is a crude description of a hypothetical situation in which spin-driven spatial organization of…
Charge order in cuprate superconductors is a possible source of anomalous electronic properties in the underdoped regime. Intra-unit cell charge ordering tendencies point to electronic nematic order involving oxygen orbitals. In this…
The electronic structure of the high-Tc cuprates is studied in terms of "large-U" and "small-U" orbitals. A striped structure and three types of quasiparticles are obtained, polaron-like "stripons" carrying charge, "svivons" carrying spin,…