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Given a simple algebraic group $G$, a web is a directed trivalent graph with edges labelled by dominant minuscule weights. There is a natural surjection of webs onto the invariant space of tensor products of minuscule representations.…

Quantum Algebra · Mathematics 2011-08-24 Bruce Fontaine

We describe the $\mathfrak sl_3$ non-elliptic webs in terms of convex sets in the affine building. Kuperberg defined the non-elliptic web basis in his work on rank-$2$ spider categories. Fontaine, Kamnitzer, Kuperberg showed that the…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2021-02-04 Tair Akhmejanov

Given a semisimple Lie algebra $\mathfrak{g}$, we can represent invariants of tensor products of fundamental representations of the quantum enveloping algebra $U_q(\mathfrak{g})$ using particular directed graphs called webs. In particular…

Quantum Algebra · Mathematics 2018-10-01 Colin Hagemeyer

Scaffolds are the one-dimensional skeleta of high-dimensional flag simplicial complexes of nonpositive curvature. They generalize the phylogenetic trees of Trop G(2,n) to arbitrary $k$, drawing together SL(k)-web bases, affine buildings,…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2026-04-29 Nick Early , Thomas Lam

We compare two natural bases for the invariant space of a tensor product of irreducible representations of A_2, or sl(3). One basis is the web basis, defined from a skein theory called the combinatorial A_2 spider. The other basis is the…

q-alg · Mathematics 2007-05-23 Mikhail Khovanov , Greg Kuperberg

We propose an abelian categorification of $\hat{Z}$-invariants for Seifert $3$-manifolds. First, we give a recursive combinatorial derivation of these $\hat{Z}$-invariants using graphs with certain hypercubic structures. Next, we consider…

Representation Theory · Mathematics 2025-01-23 Shoma Sugimoto

We classify noninvertible, holomorphic selfmaps of the projective plane that preserve an algebraic web. In doing so, we obtain interesting examples of critically finite maps.

Dynamical Systems · Mathematics 2009-07-23 Marius Dabija , Mattias Jonsson

The irreducible representations of symmetric groups can be realized as certain graded pieces of invariant rings, equivalently as global sections of line bundles on partial flag varieties. There are various ways to choose useful bases of…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2023-01-19 Rebecca Patrias , Oliver Pechenik , Jessica Striker

G.-Pechenik-Pfannerer-Striker-Swanson applied hourglass plabic graphs to construct web bases for spaces of tensor invariants of fundamental representations of $U_q(\mathfrak{sl}_4)$, extending Kuperberg's celebrated basis for…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2025-12-10 Pranav Enugandla , Christian Gaetz

On the affine space containing the space $\mathcal{S}$ of quantum states of finite-dimensional systems there are contravariant tensor fields by means of which it is possible to define Hamiltonian and gradient vector fields encoding relevant…

Mathematical Physics · Physics 2018-02-07 Florio M. Ciaglia , Alberto Ibort , Giuseppe Marmo

Webs give a diagrammatic calculus for spaces of tensor invariants. We introduce hourglass plabic graphs as a new avatar of webs, and use these to give the first rotation-invariant $U_q(\mathfrak{sl}_4)$-web basis, a long-sought object. The…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2026-05-12 Christian Gaetz , Oliver Pechenik , Stephan Pfannerer , Jessica Striker , Joshua P. Swanson

A multiple group rack is a rack which is a disjoint union of groups equipped with a binary operation satisfying some conditions. It is used to define invariants of spatial surfaces, i.e., oriented compact surfaces with boundaries embedded…

Geometric Topology · Mathematics 2025-04-09 Katsunori Arai

The geometric Satake equivalence and the Springer correspondence are closely related when restricting to small representations of the Langlands dual group. We prove this result for \'etale sheaves, including the case of the mixed…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2026-03-16 Katsuyuki Bando

Temperley-Lieb algebras have been generalized to sl(3) web spaces. Since a cubic bipartite planar graph with suitable directions on edges is a web, the quantum sl(3) invariants naturally extend to all cubic bipartite planar graphs. First we…

Geometric Topology · Mathematics 2008-03-27 Dongseok Kim , Jaeun Lee

For a simply-connected simple algebraic group $G$ over $\C$, we exhibit a subvariety of its affine Grassmannian that is closely related to the nilpotent cone of $G$, generalizing a well-known fact about $GL_n$. Using this variety, we…

Representation Theory · Mathematics 2013-12-17 Pramod N. Achar , Anthony Henderson

Using the geometric quotient of a real algebraic set by the action of a finite group G, we construct invariants of GAS sets with respect to equivariant homeomorphisms with AS-graph, including additive invariants with values in Z.

Algebraic Geometry · Mathematics 2019-03-13 Fabien Priziac

Webs yield an especially important realization of certain Specht modules, irreducible representations of symmetric groups, as they provide a pictorial basis with a convenient diagrammatic calculus. In recent work, the last three authors…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2025-10-01 Chris Fraser , Rebecca Patrias , Oliver Pechenik , Jessica Striker

Spider webs are incredible biological structures, comprising thin but strong silk filament and arranged into complex hierarchical architectures with striking mechanical properties (e.g., lightweight but high strength, achieving diverse…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-04-12 Wei Lu , Nic A. Lee , Markus J. Buehler

Webs are a kind of planar, directed, edge-labeled graph that encode invariant vectors for quantum representations of $\mathfrak{sl}_n$. The theory of webs developed organically for $\mathfrak{sl}_2$, where they are also known as noncrossing…

Representation Theory · Mathematics 2025-10-16 Heather M. Russell , Julianna Tymoczko

This lecture note focuses on comparing the notions of invariance and home spaces in Transition Systems and more particularly, in Petri Nets. We also describe how linear algebra relates to these basic notions in Computer Science, how it can…

Formal Languages and Automata Theory · Computer Science 2024-10-23 Gerard Memmi
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