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We apply factorization and eikonal methods from gauge theories to scattering amplitudes in gravity. We hypothesize that these amplitudes factor into an IR-divergent soft function and an IR-finite hard function, with the former given by the…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2015-05-20 Stephen G. Naculich , Howard J. Schnitzer

We examine soft gluon physics, focusing on recently developed path integral methods. Two example applications of this technique are presented, namely the classification of soft gluon amplitudes beyond the eikonal approximation, and the…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2011-05-20 Chris D. White

The study of factorization in the linearized gravity is extended to the graviton scattering processes with a massive scalar particle, with a massless vector boson and also with a graviton. Every transition amplitude is shown to be…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2009-12-30 S. Y. Choi , J. S. Shim , H. S. Song

Gravitational Compton scattering process with a massive fermion is studied in the context of the linearized gravity. Gravitational gauge invariance and graviton transversality cause the transition amplitude to be factorized into that of…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2010-11-01 S. Y. Choi , J. S. Shim , H. S. Song

The description of low-energy (``soft") gravitons using universal theorems continues to attract attention. In this paper, we consider the emission of two soft gravitons, using a previously developed formalism that describes (next-to) soft…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2026-03-03 Karan Fernandes , Feng-Li Lin , Chris D. White

The study of factorization in linearized gravity is extended to the graviton scattering processes with an electron for the massive vector boson productions such as $g e \rightarrow Z e$ and $g e \rightarrow W \nu_e$. It is shown that every…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2011-09-09 J. S. Shim , H. S. Song

We approach the issue of exponentiation of soft gauge boson corrections to scattering amplitudes from a path integral point of view. We show that if one represents the amplitude as a first quantized path integral in a mixed…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2009-03-27 E. Laenen , G. Stavenga , C. D. White

We study the factorization of soft and collinear singularities in dimensionally-regularized fixed-angle scattering amplitudes in massless gauge theories. Our factorization is based on replacing the hard massless partons by light-like Wilson…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2009-03-19 Einan Gardi , Lorenzo Magnea

We describe a new framework for soft gluon resummation, based on path integral methods. The approach recovers previous results obtained in the eikonal approximation, in which all emitted gluons become soft. Furthermore, a clear physical…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2009-07-01 C. D. White

Soft and collinear factorisations can be used to construct expressions for amplitudes in theories of gravity. We generalise the "half-soft" functions used previously to "soft-lifting" functions and use these to generate tree and one-loop…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2013-05-30 David C. Dunbar , James H. Ettle , Warren B. Perkins

In calculations of (semi-) inclusive events within perturbative Quantum Chromodynamics, large logarithmic corrections arise from certain kinematic regions of interest which need to be resummed. When resumming soft gluon effects one…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2007-05-23 Carola F. Berger

We explore the connection between the factorisation of virtual corrections to multi-particle massless gauge theory amplitudes and the problem of subtraction at NNLO and beyond. Taking inspiration from virtual factorisation, we provide a set…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2018-01-22 Lorenzo Magnea , Ezio Maina , Paolo Torrielli , Sandro Uccirati

We analyze the low-energy behavior of scattering amplitudes involving gravitons at loop level in four dimensions. The single-graviton soft limit is controlled by soft operators which have been argued to separate into a factorized piece and…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2014-11-11 Johannes Broedel , Marius de Leeuw , Jan Plefka , Matteo Rosso

We present a simple derivation of MHV amplitudes in massless spinor and scalar electrodynamics. Working with permutationally invariant amplitudes, we show that they are fully determined by their soft photon behavior and admit a simple…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2025-05-23 Christoph Bartsch , Karol Kampf , David Podivín

Universal factors associated with the emission of a soft boson in gauge theories and gravity, formulated in the light-cone gauge, are presented. The inverse-soft method, for constructing higher-point amplitudes from lower-point ones, using…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2024-02-06 Sudarshan Ananth , Chetan Pandey , Saurabh Pant

Soft functions defined in terms of matrix elements of soft fields dressed by Wilson lines are central components of factorization theorems for cross sections and decay rates in collider and heavy-quark physics. While in many cases the…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2020-08-26 Ze Long Liu , Bianka Mecaj , Matthias Neubert , Xing Wang , Sean Fleming

The factorization of soft and ultrasoft gluons from collinear particles is shown at the level of operators in an effective field theory. Exclusive hadronic factorization and inclusive partonic factorization follow as special cases. The…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2008-11-26 Christian W. Bauer , Dan Pirjol , Iain W. Stewart

We lay out the basis of factorization at the amplitude level for processes involving the entire Standard Model. The factorization appears in a generalized eikonal approximation in which we expand around a quasi-soft limit for massive gauge…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2024-07-16 Simon Plätzer , Malin Sjodahl

Matrix elements of Wilson-line dressed operators play a central role in the factorization of soft and collinear modes in gauge theories. When expressed using spinor helicity variables, these so-called form factors admit a classification…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2024-06-07 Timothy Cohen , Marc Riembau

We provide a precise statement of hard-soft-collinear factorization of scattering amplitudes and prove it to all orders in perturbation theory. Factorization is formulated as the equality at leading power of scattering amplitudes in QCD…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2015-03-09 Ilya Feige , Matthew D. Schwartz
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