Related papers: Sulfur chemistry: 1D modeling in massive dense cor…

Chemical composition of the massive cores forming high-mass stars can put some constrains on the time scale of the massive star formation: sulphur chemistry is of specific interest due to its rapid evolution in warm gas and because the…

We studied sulfur chemistry of massive star-forming regions through single-dish submillimeter spectroscopy. OCS, O13CS, 13CS, H2S and SO transitions were observed toward a sample of massive star-forming regions with embedded UCH II or CH II…

The sulfur content in dense molecular regions of the interstellar medium is highly depleted in comparison to diffuse clouds. The reason of this phenomenon is unclear, thus it is necessary to carry out observational studies of sulfur-bearing…

Sulfur is one of the most abundant elements in the Universe, yet the sulfur budget inferred from the observed sulfur-bearing molecules in dense cores is significantly lower than expected. Starless and pre-stellar cores represent the…

To understand the chemistry of sulphur (S) in the interstellar medium, models need to be tested by observations of S-bearing molecules in different physical conditions. We analyse observations obtained with the IRAM 30m telescope towards 15…

Sulfur-bearing molecules are commonly detected in dense cores within star-forming regions, but the total sulfur budget is significantly low, when compared to the interstellar medium (ISM) value. The properties of sulfur-bearing molecules…

We present submillimeter observations of SO, SO2, H2S, H2CS, OCS, NS and HCS+ toward nine massive young stars. The outflow contributes ~50% to the SO and SO2 emission in 15-20'' beams, more than for CS, where it is 10%. The SO2 abundance…

The sulphur chemistry in nine regions in the earliest stages of high-mass star formation is studied through single-dish submillimeter spectroscopy. The line profiles indicate that 10-50% of the SO and SO2 emission arises in high-velocity…

We report observations of the expected main S-bearing species (SO, SO2 and H2S) in the low-mass star forming region L1689N. We obtained large scale (~300''x200'') maps of several transitions from these molecules with the goal to study the…

Context. Studying gas chemistry in protoplanetary disks is key to understanding the process of planet formation. Sulfur chemistry in particular is poorly understood in interstellar environments, and the location of the main reservoirs…

Aims. We present observational results of H$_{2}$S 1$_{10}$-1$_{01}$, H$_{2}$$^{34}$S 1$_{10}$-1$_{01}$, H$_{2}$CS 5$_{14}$-4$_{14}$, HCS$^{+}$ 4-3, SiO 4-3, HC$_{3}$N 19-18 and C$^{18}$O 1-0 toward a sample of 51 late-stage massive…

The abundance of volatile sulfur in dense clouds is long-standing problem in studies of the physics and chemistry of star-forming regions. Sulfur is an important species because its low ionization potential may possibly make it an important…

Grain-surface chemistry plays a crucial role in the formation of molecules of astrobiological interest, including H$_{2}$S and complex organic molecules (COMs). They are commonly observed in the gas phase toward star-forming regions, but…

(Abridged) Sulfur chemistry is poorly understood in the process of low-mass star and planet formation, where the main carriers of sulfur are still unknown. Despite the fact that simple S-bearing molecules are usually detected toward…

Based on observations of the most abundant sulfur-bearing molecules (H2S, CS, NS, SO, H2CS, OCS, and SO2) carried out with the IRAM 30m telescope and SEST, we present the first analysis of the sulfur chemistry of an extragalactic source,…

We study the content in S-bearing molecules of protoplanetary disks around low-mass stars. We used the new IRAM 30-m receiver EMIR to perform simultaneous observations of the $1_{10}-1_{01}$ line of H$_2$S at 168.8 GHz and $2_{23}-1_{12}$…

Sulfur-bearing molecules play an important role in prebiotic chemistry and planet habitability. They are also proposed probes of chemical ages, elemental C/O ratio, and grain chemistry processing. Commonly detected in diverse astrophysical…

We have observed five sulphur-bearing molecules in foreground diffuse molecular clouds lying along the sight-lines to five bright continuum sources. We have used the GREAT instrument on SOFIA to observe the 1383 GHz $^2\Pi_{3/2} J=5/2-3/2$…

We report a theoretical study of sulphur chemistry, as applied to hot cores, where S-bearing molecular ratios have been previously proposed and used as chemical clocks. As in previous models, we follow the S-bearing molecular composition…

Most stars, including the Sun, are born in rich stellar clusters containing massive stars. Therefore, the study of the chemical reservoir of massive star-forming regions is crucial to understand the basic chemical ingredients available at…