Related papers: NOON-state formation from Fock-state Bose-Einstein…
Understanding the equation of state (EOS) of neutron stars (NSs) is a fundamental challenge in astrophysics and nuclear physics. A first-order phase transition (FOPT) at high densities could lead to the formation of a quark core,…
The recombination of two split Bose-Einstein condensates on an atom chip is shown to result in heating which depends on the relative phase of the two condensates. This heating reduces the number of condensate atoms between 10 and 40% and…
Astrophysical observations of neutron stars probe the structure of dense nuclear matter and have the potential to reveal phase transitions at high densities. Most recent analyses are based on parametrized models of the equation of state…
We report the formation of Bose-Einstein condensates into non-equilibrium states. Our condensates are much longer than equilibrium condensates with the same number of atoms, show strong phase fluctuations, and have a dynamical evolution…
We propose and explore the feasibility of a novel Ramsey interferometer created by a trapped two-state Bose-Einstein condensate (BEC) driven by dipole oscillations and gravitational sag. The BEC is formed in a pure cigar shaped compressed…
The presence of loss limits the precision of an approach to phase measurement using maximally entangled states, also referred to as NOON states. A calculation using a simple beam-splitter model of loss shows that, for all nonzero values L…
We study the time-evolution of an optically trapped spinor Bose-Einstein condensate under the influence of a dominating magnetic bias field in the z-direction, and a perpendicular smaller field that couples the spinor states. We show that…
We prove two equilibrium properties of a system of interacting atoms in three or higher dimensional continuous space. (i) If the particles interact via pair potentials of a nonnegative Fourier transform, their self-organization into…
Feynman's "no-node" theorem states that the conventional many-body ground-state wavefunctions of bosons in the coordinate representation is positive-definite. This implies that time-reversal symmetry cannot be spontaneously broken. In this…
Phase measurement using a lossless Mach-Zehnder interferometer with certain entangled $N$-photon states can lead to a phase sensitivity of the order of 1/N, the Heisenberg limit. However, previously considered output measurement schemes are…
Bose-Einstein condensation happens as a gas of bosons is cooled below its transition temperature, and the ground state becomes macroscopically occupied. The phase transition occurs in the thermodynamic limit of many particles. However,…
We investigate a non-destructive measurement technique to monitor Josephson-like oscillations between two spatially separated neutral atom Bose-Einstein condensates. One condensate is placed in an optical cavity, which is strongly driven by…
We use a photon-number resolving detector to monitor the photon number distribution of the output of an interferometer, as a function of phase delay. As inputs we use coherent states with mean photon number up to seven. The postselection of…
The transition of atomic, electronic, or e-h systems to quantum phases is an extraordinary process when both microscopic and macroscopic properties of the system undergo fundamental changes. Bose-Einstein condensation, has been observed in…
Josephson junctions are the basis for the most sensitive magnetic flux detectors, the definition of the unit volt by the Josephson voltage standard, and superconducting digital and quantum computing. They result from the coupling of two…
We discuss in detail the experimental investigation of thermally induced fluctuations of the relative phase between two weakly coupled Bose-Einstein condensates. In analogy to superconducting Josephson junctions, the weak coupling…
The polaronic system consisting of an impurity in a dilute Bose-Einstein condensate is considered in the presence of a narrow Feshbach resonance. For this purpose a coupled-channel model is used, which at the mean field level predicts the…
Matter-wave interference experiments enable us to study matter at its most basic, quantum level and form the basis of high-precision sensors for applications such as inertial and gravitational field sensing. Success in both of these…
We study possible scenarios for quantum non-demolition measurements using Bose-Einstein condensates. We show that the interactions between condensate atoms makes it possible to measure the atom number with minimal back action on the system.…
Here we report on the experimental investigation of thermally induced fluctuations of the relative phase between two Bose-Einstein condensates which are coupled via tunneling. The experimental control over the coupling strength and the…