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Leibniz entertained various conceptions of infinitesimals, considering them sometimes as ideal things and other times as fictions. But in both cases, he compares infinitesimals favorably to imaginary roots. We agree with the majority of…

History and Overview · Mathematics 2013-04-09 David Sherry , Mikhail G. Katz

Let $\mathcal{P}$ be an ideal of closed subsets of a topological space $X$. Consider the ring, $C(X)_\mathcal{P}$ of real valued functions on $X$ whose closure of discontinuity set is a member of $\mathcal{P}$. We investigate the ring…

General Topology · Mathematics 2023-04-18 Amrita Dey , Sudip Kumar Acharyya , Sagarmoy Bag , Dhananjoy Mandal

In a recent paper A.Beardon and I.Short proposed to use chains of tangent horocycles as an extended tool describing continued fractions. We review the origin of such construction from the Moebius transformations point of view. Related…

Complex Variables · Mathematics 2018-06-19 Vladimir V. Kisil

In 1923 Schur considered the following problem. Let f(X) be a polynomial with integer coefficients that induces a bijection on the residue fields Z/pZ for infinitely many primes p. His conjecture, that such polynomials are compositions of…

Group Theory · Mathematics 2019-07-30 Robert M. Guralnick , Peter Müller , Jan Saxl

Using the tools of reverse mathematics in second-order arithmetic, as developed by Friedman, Simpson, and others, we determine the axioms necessary to develop various topics in commutative ring theory. Our main contributions to the field…

Logic · Mathematics 2021-09-07 Jordan Mitchell Barrett

The purpose of this memoir is to discuss two very interesting properties of integer sequences. One is the law of apparition and the other is the law of repetition. Both have been extensively studied by mathematicians such as Ward, Lucas,…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2022-04-27 Masum Billal

In 1952, Littlewood stated a conjecture about the average growth of spherical derivatives of polynomials, and showed that it would imply that for entire function of finite order, "most" preimages of almost all points are concentrated in a…

Complex Variables · Mathematics 2019-10-30 Lukas Geyer

Suppose R is a Noetherian local ring with prime characteristic p>0. In this article, we show the existence of a local numerical invariant, called the F-signature, which roughly characterizes the asymptotic growth of the number of splittings…

Commutative Algebra · Mathematics 2015-05-27 Kevin Tucker

The notion of a pseudocycle is introduced by McDuff and Salamon (J-holomorphic curves and quantum cohomology, University Lecture Series, Vol. 6, AMS (1994)) to provide a framework for defining Gromov-Witten invariants and quantum…

Algebraic Topology · Mathematics 2007-05-23 Peter J. Kahn

In this paper, we develop an explicit method to express finite algebraic numbers (in particular, certain idempotents among them) in terms of linear recurrent sequences, and give applications to the characterization of the splitting primes…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2024-05-14 Julian Rosen , Yoshihiro Takeyama , Koji Tasaka , Shuji Yamamoto

In this note several computations of equivariant cohomology groups are performed. For the compactly supported equivariant cohomology, the notion of infinitesimal index developed in arXiv:1003.3525, allows to describe these groups in terms…

Differential Geometry · Mathematics 2015-03-17 Corrado De Concini , Claudio Procesi , Michele Vergne

In order to study graded Frobenius algebras from a ring theoretical perspective, we introduce graded quasi-Frobenius rings, graded Frobenius rings and a shift-version of the latter ones, and we investigate the structure and representations…

Rings and Algebras · Mathematics 2022-04-19 Sorin Dascalescu , Constantin Nastasescu , Laura Nastasescu

Certain spin chains, such as the quantum Ising chain, have free fermion spectra which can be expressed as the sum of decoupled two-level fermionic systems. Free parafermions are a simple generalisation of this idea to $Z(N)$-symmetric clock…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2023-07-21 Robert A. Henry , Murray T. Batchelor

We give an elementary proof of a result which is not as well known as it should be: a ring with a specified finite number of zero divisors is finite, with a precise bound on its order.

Rings and Algebras · Mathematics 2026-04-30 Michael Kinyon

In this paper we present some basic results of the Universal Algebra of $\mathcal{C}^\infty$-rings which were nowhere to be found in the current literature. The outstanding book of I. Moerdijk and G. Reyes,[24], presents the basic (and…

Rings and Algebras · Mathematics 2019-04-08 Jean Cerqueira Berni , Hugo Luiz Mariano

The main result in this paper is to supply a recursive formula, on the number of minimal primes, for the colength of a fractional ideal in terms of the maximal points of the value set of the ideal itself. The fractional ideals are taken in…

Algebraic Geometry · Mathematics 2019-07-26 Edison Marcavillaca Niño de Guzmán , Abramo Hefez

Global representation rings were discovered by Sarah Witherspoon in 1995 and the Knutson Index was introduced by the second author in 2022. In the present paper we introduce the Knutson Index for general commutative rings and study it for…

Rings and Algebras · Mathematics 2025-04-14 Dylan Johnston , Diego Martín Duro , Dmitriy Rumynin

Cluster algebras are commutative rings with a set of distinguished generators having a remarkable combinatorial structure. They were introduced by Fomin and Zelevinsky in 2000 in the context of Lie theory, but have since appeared in many…

Rings and Algebras · Mathematics 2013-03-19 Lauren K. Williams

Unbounded entailment relations, introduced by Paul Lorenzen (1951), are a slight variant of a notion which plays a fundamental r\^ole in logic (see Scott 1974) and in algebra (see Lombardi and Quitt\'e 2015). We call systems of ideals their…

Logic · Mathematics 2018-10-29 Thierry Coquand , Henri Lombardi , Stefan Neuwirth

The notion of chain groups of homeomorphisms of the interval was introduced by Kim, Koberda and Lodha as a generalization of Thompson's group $F$. In this paper, we study an $S^1$-version of chain groups: ring groups. We study the…

Group Theory · Mathematics 2025-09-12 Motoko Kato