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Related papers: The Tower of Hanoi problem on Path_h graphs

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In the Twin Towers of Hanoi version of the well known Towers of Hanoi Problem there are two coupled sets of pegs. In each move, one chooses a pair of pegs in one of the sets and performs the only possible legal transfer of a disk between…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2011-08-24 Zoran Sunic

We introduce and study a new four-peg variant of the Tower of Hanoi problem under parity constraints. Two pegs are neutral and allow arbitrary disc placements, while the remaining two pegs are restricted to discs of a prescribed parity: one…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2025-10-28 El-Mehdi Mehiri

The famous Tower of Hanoi puzzle involves moving $n$ discs of distinct sizes from one of $p\geq 3$ pegs (traditionally $p=3$) to another of the pegs, subject to the constraints that only one disc may be moved at a time, and no disc can ever…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2025-10-22 David Eppstein , Daniel Frishberg , William Maxwell

Consider the restricted Hanoi graphs which correspond to the variants of the famous Tower of Hanoi problem with multiple pegs where moves of the discs are restricted throughout the arcs of a movement digraph whose vertices represent the…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2026-03-31 El-Mehdi Mehiri

The objective of the well-known Towers of Hanoi puzzle is to move a set of disks one at a time from one of a set of pegs to another, while keeping the disks sorted on each peg. We propose an adversarial variation in which the first player…

Discrete Mathematics · Computer Science 2022-05-30 David Eppstein , Daniel Frishberg , William Maxwell

The weighted Tower of Hanoi is a new generalization of the classical Tower of Hanoi problem, where a move of a disc between two pegs $i$ and $j$ is weighted by a positive real $w_{ij}\geq 0$. This new problem generalizes the concept of…

Discrete Mathematics · Computer Science 2026-04-06 El-Mehdi Mehiri , Hacène Belbachir

Considering the symmetries and self similarity properties of the corresponding labeled graphs, it is shown that the minimal number of moves in the Tower of Hanoi game with $p =4$ pegs and $n \geq p$ disks satisfies the recursive formula $…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2016-01-19 Janez Žerovnik

More than a century after its proposal, the Towers of Hanoi puzzle with 4 pegs was solved by Thierry Bousch in a breakthrough paper in 2014. The general problem with p pegs is still open, with the best lower bound on the minimum number of…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2015-08-19 Codrut Grosu

The purpose of this paper is to prove the Frame-Stewart algorithm for the generalized Towers of Hanoi problem as well as finding the number of moves required to solve the problem and studying the multitude of optimal solutions. The main…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2012-04-24 Mikael Erik Jörgensen

We prove the exact formulae for the expected number of moves to solve several variants of the Tower of Hanoi puzzle with 3 pegs and n disks, when each move is chosen uniformly randomly from the set of all valid moves. We further present an…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2017-12-11 Max A. Alekseyev , Toby Berger

The Frame-Stewart conjecture states the least number of moves to solve a generalized Tower of Hanoi problem, of n disks and p pegs. In this paper, we prove a weaker version of the Frame-Stewart conjecture.

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2020-07-17 Youngjin Bae

In this paper, our aim is to prove that our recursive algorithm to solve the "Reve's puzzle" (four- peg Tower of Hanoi) is the optimal solution according to minimum number of moves. Here we used Frame's five step algorithm to solve the…

Discrete Mathematics · Computer Science 2011-12-06 Bijoy Rahman Arif

The Tower of Hanoi game is a classical puzzle in recreational mathematics (Lucas 1883) which also has a strong record in pure mathematics. In a borderland between these two areas we find the characterization of the minimal number of moves,…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2017-08-31 Jonathan Chappelon , Urban Larsson , Akihiro Matsuura

Our theme bases on the classical Hanoi Towers Problem. In this paper we will define a new problem, permitting some positions, that were not legal in the classical problem. Our goal is to find an optimal (shortest possible) sequence of…

Discrete Mathematics · Computer Science 2007-05-23 Sergey Benditkis , Illya Safro

The Tower of Hanoi continues to provide a surprisingly rich meeting point for recursive reasoning, combinatorial geometry, and computational verification. Motivated by the editorial standards of the Bulletin of the Australian Mathematical…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2025-11-12 Qi Junyi

In this work I study a modified Tower of Hanoi puzzle, which I term Magnetic Tower of Hanoi (MToH). The original Tower of Hanoi puzzle, invented by the French mathematician Edouard Lucas in 1883, spans "base 2". That is - the number of…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2010-03-11 Uri Levy

In the Tower of Hanoi problem, there is six types of moves between the three pegs. The main purpose of the present paper is to find out the number of each of these six elementary moves in the optimal sequence of moves. We present a…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2026-03-31 Hacène Belbachir , El-Mehdi Mehiri

We present efficient algorithms for constructing a shortest path between two states in the Tower of Hanoi graph, and for computing the length of the shortest path. The key element is a finite-state machine which decides, after examining on…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2007-05-23 Dan Romik

The Frame-Stewart algorithm for the 4-peg variant of the Tower of Hanoi, introduced in 1941, partitions disks into intermediate towers before moving the remaining disks to their destination. Algorithms that partition the disks have not been…

Programming Languages · Computer Science 2013-02-01 Neng-Fa Zhou , Jonathan Fruhman

For the multi-peg Tower of Hanoi problem with $k \geqslant 4$ pegs, so far the best solution is obtained by the Stewart's algorithm based on the the following recurrence relation: $\mathrm{S}\_k(n)=\min\_{1 \leqslant t \leqslant n} \left\{2…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2016-03-31 Jonathan Chappelon , Akihiro Matsuura
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