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In the last 25 years, a new generation of X-ray satellites imparted a significant leap forward in our knowledge of X-ray pulsars. The discovery of accreting and transitional millisecond pulsars proved that disk accretion can spin up a…
Thick diffractive optical elements offer a promising way to achieve focusing or imaging at a resolution approaching 1 nm for X-ray wavelengths shorter than about 0.1 nm. Efficient focusing requires that these are fabricated with structures…
Optical neural networks present distinct advantages over traditional electrical counterparts, such as accelerated data processing and reduced energy consumption. While coherent light is conventionally employed in optical neural networks,…
The growing demand for real-time data processing in applications such as neural networks and embedded control systems has spurred the search for faster, more efficient alternatives to traditional electronic systems. In response, we…
Coherent photonic computing uses both the phase and amplitude of light to implement linear operations such as dot products and matrix multiplication but requires phase stability between the interfering paths. This poses a challenge for such…
Fast variability of optical objects is an interesting though poorly explored subject in modern astronomy. Real-time data processing and identification of transient celestial events in the images is very important for such study as it allows…
This paper presents a comprehensive survey of computational imaging (CI) techniques and their transformative impact on computer vision (CV) applications. Conventional imaging methods often fail to deliver high-fidelity visual data in…
Usually, off-axis digital holographic microscopy requires a coherent light source in order to record a full-field hologram. Nevertheless, a LASER-based illumination leads to a non-negligible coherent noise, decreasing then the imaging…
Chirped Bragg volume gratings (CBGs) offer a useful alternative for spectral analysis, but increasing the bandwidth necessitates increasing the device area. In contrast, recently developed rotated CBGs (r-CBGs), in which the Bragg structure…
Nonlinear optical propagation in cholesteric liquid crystals (CLC) with a spatially periodic helical molecular structure is studied experimentally and modeled numerically. This periodic structure can be seen as a Bragg grating with a…
X-ray grating interferometry allows for the simultaneous acquisition of attenuation, differential-phase contrast, and dark-field images, resulting from X-ray attenuation, refraction, and small-angle scattering, respectively. The modulated…
Tunable light filters are critical components for many optical applications in which light in-coupling, out-coupling or rejection is crucial, such as lasing, sensing, photovoltaics and information and communication technology. For this…
Strong light-matter coupling to form exciton- and vibropolaritons is increasingly touted as a powerful tool to alter the fundamental properties of organic materials. It is proposed that these states and their facile tunability can be used…
The Cherenkov Telescope Array (CTA) will be able to perform unprecedented observations of the transient very high-energy sky. An on-line science alert generation (SAG) pipeline, with a required 30 second latency, will allow the discovery or…
Silicon photonics in the near-Infra-Red, up to 1.6 um, is already one of key technologies in optical data communications, particularly short-range. It is also being prospected for applications in quantum computing, artificial intelligence,…
High-resolution optical microscopy suffers from a low contrast in scattering media where a multiply scattered wave obscures a ballistic wave used for image formation. To extend the imaging depth, various gating operations - confocal,…
Precisely stabilizing laser frequency is crucial for advancing laser technology and unlocking the full potential of various quantum technologies. Here, we propose a compact device for stabilizing frequency of a semiconductor laser through…
We put forward a new highly efficient source of paired photons entangled in polarization with an ultra-large bandwidth. The photons are generated by means of a conveniently designed spontaneous parametric down-conversion process in a…
Holography is a cornerstone characterisation and imaging technique that can be applied to the full electromagnetic spectrum, from X-rays to radio waves or even particles such as neutrons. The key property in all these holographic approaches…
A frequency-stable, broadband laser is presented for experiments on trapped ions. Since the design is based on widely available semiconductor optical amplifier technology, similar lasers can be realized for virtually any wavelength in the…