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We propose measurement modeling from the quantitative social sciences as a framework for understanding fairness in computational systems. Computational systems often involve unobservable theoretical constructs, such as socioeconomic status,…
A method is proposed that allows one to infer the sum of the values of an observable taken during contacts with a pointer state. Hereby the state of the pointer is updated while contacted with the system and remains unchanged between…
The Turing machine is one of the simple abstract computational devices that can be used to investigate the limits of computability. In this paper, they are considered from several points of view that emphasize the importance and the…
This paper studies the counting problem in random dynamical systems. We noticed that the nature of counting in the random setting is completely different than that of the deterministic systems in the sense that non-exponential growth is…
The conceptual relation between the measurability of quantum mechanical observables and the computability of numerical functions is re-examined. A new formulation is given for the notion of measurability with finite precision in order to…
This work has as the principal theme, the study, analysis and implementation of the methodology for use the web sites in e-commerce. The authors try to deal with particular methodological and applied aspects inherent in the analysis of data…
Problems in econometrics, insurance, reliability engineering, and statistics quite often rely on the assumption that certain functions are non-decreasing. To satisfy this requirement, researchers frequently model the underlying phenomena…
Many organizations describe their processes as consensus-driven, but there is no consensus on the definition of consensus. Qualitative definitions of consensus prioritize social phenomena like "unity" that are not necessarily measurable.…
Citation count is a quantifiable measure to indicate the number of times an article is cited by other articles. It is believed that if an article is cited often then it must be an important or influential article; however, there is no…
Individual choices often depend on the order in which the decisions are made. In this paper, we expose a general theory of measurable systems (an example of which is an individual's preferences) allowing for incompatible (non-commuting)…
Computability on uncountable sets has no standard formalization, unlike that on countable sets, which is given by Turing machines. Some of the approaches to define computability in these sets rely on order-theoretic structures to translate…
In order to use psychometric instruments to assess a multidimensional construct, we may decompose it in dimensions and, in order to assess each dimension, develop a set of items, so one may assess the construct as a whole, by assessing its…
Fitting models for non-Poisson point processes is complicated by the lack of tractable models for much of the data. By using large samples of independent and identically distributed realizations and statistical learning, it is possible to…
Commonly used methods of production function and markup estimation assume that a firm's output quantity can be observed as data, but typical datasets contain only revenue, not output quantity. We examine the nonparametric identification of…
Using the recently defined concept of Taylor measures, we propose a generalization of Taylor's theorem to measurable, non-analytic functions, that do not require differentiation. We study consequences of the generalization, including the…
A combinatorial characterization of measurable filters on a countable set is found. We apply it to the problem of measurability of the intersection of nonmeasurable filters.
Various approaches of defining and determining work performed on a quantum system are compared. Any operational definition of work, however, must allow for two facts, first, that work characterizes a process rather than an instantaneous…
The present work investigates whether different quantification mechanisms (set comparison, vague quantification, and proportional estimation) can be jointly learned from visual scenes by a multi-task computational model. The motivation is…
Several measures of non-convexity (departures from convexity) have been introduced in the literature, both for sets and functions. Some of them are of geometric nature, while others are more of topological nature. We address the statistical…
Quantum measurement is universal for quantum computation. This universality allows alternative schemes to the traditional three-step organisation of quantum computation: initial state preparation, unitary transformation, measurement. In…