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Geometric interpretations of some virtual knot invariants are given in terms of invariants of links in $\mathbb{S}^3$. Alexander polynomials of almost classical knots are shown to be specializations of the multi-variable Alexander…

Geometric Topology · Mathematics 2018-07-27 Micah Chrisman , Robert G. Todd

In this paper we introduce a new invariant of virtual knots and links that is non-trivial for infinitely many virtuals, but is trivial on classical knots and links. The invariant is initially be expressed in terms of a relative of the…

Geometric Topology · Mathematics 2007-05-23 Louis H. Kauffman

This paper defines the concept of an oriented quantum algebra and develops its application to the construction of quantum link invariants. We show that all known quantum link invariants can be put into this framework.

Geometric Topology · Mathematics 2007-05-23 Louis H. Kauffman , David E. Radford

We consider a quiver structure on the set of quandle colorings of an oriented knot or link diagram. This structure contains a wealth of knot and link invariants and provides a categorification of the quandle counting invariant in the most…

Geometric Topology · Mathematics 2018-10-09 Karina Cho , Sam Nelson

The involutory birack counting invariant is an integer-valued invariant of unoriented tangles defined by counting homomorphisms from the fundamental involutory birack of the tangle to a finite involutory birack over a set of framings modulo…

Geometric Topology · Mathematics 2014-03-18 Sam Nelson , Veronica Rivera

In view of the self-linking invariant, the number $|K|$ of framed knots in $S^3$ with given underlying knot $K$ is infinite. In fact, the second author previously defined affine self-linking invariants and used them to show that $|K|$ is…

Geometric Topology · Mathematics 2014-04-24 Patricia Cahn , Vladimir Chernov , Rustam Sadykov

An invariant $\mu_{\alpha}(K)$ of fibred knots $K$ in a homology sphere is defined for each $\alpha \in {\bold S}{\bold U}_n$ as follows. Since the knot is fibred, the knot complement is described by an element of the mapping class group,…

q-alg · Mathematics 2016-09-08 H. U. Boden

We define an invariant of tangles and framed tangles given a finite crossed module and a pair of functions, called a Reidemeister pair, satisfying natural properties. We give several examples of Reidemeister pairs derived from racks,…

Geometric Topology · Mathematics 2017-05-23 Joao Faria Martins , Roger Picken

The theory of welded and extended welded knots is a generalization of classical knot theory. Welded (resp. extended welded) knot diagrams include virtual crossings (resp. virtual crossings and wen marks) and are equivalent under an extended…

Geometric Topology · Mathematics 2018-09-18 N. Backes , M. Kaiser , T. Leafblad , E. I. C. Peterson , D. N. Yetter

We define invariants of oriented surface-links by enhancing the biquandle counting invariant using \textit{biquandle modules}, algebraic structures defined in terms of biquandle actions on commutative rings analogous to Alexander…

Geometric Topology · Mathematics 2019-08-28 Yewon Joung , Sam Nelson

Kashaev and Reshetikhin previously described a way to define holonomy invariants of knots using quantum $\mathfrak{sl}_2$ at a root of unity. These are generalized quantum invariants depend both on a knot $K$ and a representation of the…

Geometric Topology · Mathematics 2021-08-17 Kai-Chieh Chen , Calvin McPhail-Snyder , Scott Morrison , Noah Snyder

In the prequel of this paper, Kauffman and Ogasa introduced new topological quantum invariants of compact oriented 3-manifolds with boundary where the boundary is a disjoint union of two identical surfaces. The invariants are constructed…

Geometric Topology · Mathematics 2022-03-25 Heather A. Dye , Louis H. Kauffman , Eiji Ogasa

The aim of this paper is to introduce a polynomial invariant $f_K(t)$ for virtual knots. We show that $f_K(t)$ can be used to distinguish some virtual knot from its inverse and mirror image. The behavior of $f_K(t)$ under connected sum is…

Geometric Topology · Mathematics 2012-02-20 Zhiyun Cheng

We introduce a three variable series invariant $F_K (y,z,q)$ for plumbed knot complements associated with a Lie superalgebra $sl(2|1)$. The invariant is a generalization of the $sl(2|1)$-series invariant $\hat{Z}(q)$ for closed 3-manifolds…

Geometric Topology · Mathematics 2026-05-13 John Chae

In this paper, we define some polynomial invariants for virtual knots and links. In the first part we use Manturov's parity axioms to obtain a new polynomial invariant of virtual knots. This invariant can be regarded as a generalization of…

Geometric Topology · Mathematics 2013-12-31 Zhiyun Cheng , Hongzhu Gao

We extend the quandle cocycle invariant to oriented singular knots and links using algebraic structures called \emph{oriented singquandles} and assigning weight functions at both regular and singular crossings. This invariant coincides with…

Geometric Topology · Mathematics 2021-03-02 Jose Ceniceros , Indu R. Churchill , Mohamed Elhamdadi , Mustafa Hajij

The fundamental quandle is a complete invariant for unoriented tame knots \cite{JO, Ma} and non-split links \cite{FR}. The proof involves proving a relationship between the components of the fundamental quandle and the cosets of the…

Geometric Topology · Mathematics 2026-02-26 Blake Mellor

We enhance the tribracket counting invariant with \textit{tribracket brackets}, skein invariants of tribracket-colored oriented knots and links analogously to biquandle brackets. This infinite family of invariants includes the classical…

Geometric Topology · Mathematics 2023-11-21 Laira Aggarwal , Sam Nelson , Patricia Rivera

We generalize the notion of the quandle polynomial to the case of singquandles. We show that the singquandle polynomial is an invariant of finite singquandles. We also construct a singular link invariant from the singquandle polynomial and…

Geometric Topology · Mathematics 2021-01-21 Jose Ceniceros , Indu R. Churchill , Mohamed Elhamdadi

The $\Xi$-move is a local move generated by forbidden moves in virtual knot theory. This move was introduced by Taniguchi and the second author, who showed that it characterizes the odd writhe of virtual knots, which is a fundamental…

Geometric Topology · Mathematics 2023-10-20 Jean-Baptiste Meilhan , Shin Satoh , Kodai Wada