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For a system at given temperature, with energy known as a function of a set of variables, we obtain the thermal fluctuation of the evolution of the variables by replacing the phase-space with a lattice and invoking the principle of detailed…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2010-07-26 Jorge Berger

We consider stochastic thermodynamics as a theory of statistical inference for experimentally observed fluctuating time-series. To that end, we introduce a general framework for quantifying the knowledge about the dynamical state of the…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2015-05-19 Bernhard Altaner , Jürgen Vollmer

Compared to other formulations of the second law of thermodynamics, the Clausius statement that heat does not spontaneously flow from cold to hot concerns a system in non-equilibrium states, and in that respect is more ambitious but also…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2020-12-18 Alex V. Plyukhin

In these lecture notes, the basic principles of stochastic thermodynamics are developed starting with a closed system in contact with a heat bath. A trajectory undergoes Markovian transitions between observable meso-states that correspond…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2018-06-13 Udo Seifert

A major part of the many thermally driven processes in our natural environment as well as in engineering solutions of Carnot-type machinery is based on the second law of thermodynamics (or principle of entropy increase). An interesting link…

General Physics · Physics 2010-09-29 Hans R. Moser

Statistical properties of coupled dynamic-stochastic systems are studied within a combination of the maximum information principle and the superstatistical approach. The conditions at which the Shannon entropy functional leads to a…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2009-11-11 E. V. Vakarin , J. P. Badiali

We consider a stochastic model described by two stochastic differential equations of motion; one is for the stochastic evolution forward in time and the other for backward in time. We further introduce averaged quantities for the two…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2009-07-21 T. Koide , M. Mine , M. Okumura , Y. Yamanaka

In the Second Order Theories (SOT) of real relativistic fluids, the non-ideal properties of the flows are described by a new set of dynamical tensor variables. In this work we explore the non-linear dynamics of those variables in a…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2020-07-14 Nahuel Mirón-Granese , Alejandra Kandus , Esteban Calzetta

Phase transitions, sharp in the thermodynamic limit, get smeared in finite systems where macroscopic order-parameter fluctuations dominate. Achieving a coherent and complete theoretical description of these fluctuations is a central…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2025-10-06 Rupak Majumder , Julien Barré , Shamik Gupta

We show, through a refinement of the work theorem, that the average dissipation, upon perturbing a Hamiltonian system arbitrarily far out of equilibrium in a transition between two canonical equilibrium states, is exactly given by…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2008-05-14 R. Kawai , J. M. R. Parrondo , C. Van den Broeck

The Boltzmann distribution for an equilibrium system constrains the statistics of the system by the energetics. Despite the non-equilibrium generalization of the Boltzmann distribution being studied extensively, a unified framework valid…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2025-11-05 Atul Tanaji Mohite , Heiko Rieger

This paper establishes a Transition Path Theory (TPT) for L\'{e}vy-type processes, addressing a critical gap in the study of the transition mechanism between meta-stabile states in non-Gaussian stochastic systems. A key contribution is the…

Probability · Mathematics 2026-05-04 Yuanfei Huang , Xiang Zhou

We show that the system entropy change for the transitions between non-equilibrium steady states arbitrarily far from equilibrium for any constituting process is given by the relative entropy of the distributions of these steady states.…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2012-05-29 G. Baris Bagci , Ugur Tirnakli , Juergen Kurths

The classical thermodynamic laws fail to capture the behavior of systems with energy Hamiltonian which is an explicit function of the temperature. Such Hamiltonian arises, for example, in modeling information processing systems, like…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2009-11-13 Ori Shental , Ido Kanter

This paper is a non-technical, informal presentation of our theory of the second law of thermodynamics as a law that is independent of statistical mechanics and that is derivable solely from certain simple assumptions about adiabatic…

Mathematical Physics · Physics 2009-10-31 Elliott H. Lieb , Jakob Yngvason

The generalized elastic model encompasses several physical systems such as polymers, membranes, single file systems, fluctuating surfaces and rough interfaces. We consider the case of an applied localized potential, namely an external force…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2012-03-16 Alessandro Taloni , Aleksei Chechkin , Joseph Klafter

We present the complete set of stochastic Verlet-type algorithms that can provide correct statistical measures for both configurational and kinetic sampling in discrete-time Langevin systems. The approach is a brute-force general…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2020-10-06 Niels Grønbech-Jensen

When modeling charge dynamics in a chain of N sites at a temperature T, a Langevin thermostat and a Hamiltonian system, i.e., a chain heated to a given temperature before charge is injected, are compared. It is shown that the polaron…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2023-10-10 N. Fialko , M. Olshevets , V. D. Lakhno

We study the thermodynamic entropy as a Noether invariant in a stochastic process. Following the Onsager theory, we consider the Langevin equation for a thermodynamic variable in a thermally isolated system. By analyzing the…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2020-02-19 Yuki Minami , Shin-ichi Sasa

A driven stochastic system in a constant temperature heat bath relaxes into a steady state which is characterized by the steady state probability distribution. We investigate the relationship between the driving force and the steady state…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2015-03-11 Jae Dong Noh , Joongul Lee
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