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A framework for linear-programming (LP) decoding of nonbinary linear codes over rings is developed. This framework facilitates linear-programming based reception for coded modulation systems which use direct modulation mapping of coded…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2016-11-15 Mark F. Flanagan , Vitaly Skachek , Eimear Byrne , Marcus Greferath

In order to understand the performance of a code under maximum-likelihood (ML) decoding, one studies the codewords, in particular the minimal codewords, and their Hamming weights. In the context of linear programming (LP) decoding, one's…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2007-07-13 Roxana Smarandache , Pascal O. Vontobel

In this paper we explore the decision regions of Linear Programming (LP) decoding. We compare the decision regions of an LP decoder, a Belief Propagation (BP) decoder and the optimal Maximum Likelihood (ML) decoder. We study the effect of…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2011-06-15 Asi Lifshitz , Yair Be'ery

In Linear Programming (LP) decoding of a Low-Density-Parity-Check (LDPC) code one minimizes a linear functional, with coefficients related to log-likelihood ratios, over a relaxation of the polytope spanned by the codewords \cite{03FWK}. In…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2007-07-13 Michael Chertkov , Mikhail G. Stepanov

We develop a framework for linear-programming (LP) decoding of non-binary linear codes over rings. We prove that the resulting LP decoder has the `maximum likelihood certificate' property, and we show that the decoder output is the lowest…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2007-10-10 Mark F. Flanagan , Vitaly Skachek , Eimear Byrne , Marcus Greferath

A new approach for decoding binary linear codes by solving a linear program (LP) over a relaxed codeword polytope was recently proposed by Feldman et al. In this paper we investigate the structure of the polytope used in the LP relaxation…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2007-07-13 Alexandros G. Dimakis , Martin J. Wainwright

In order to understand the performance of a code under maximum-likelihood (ML) decoding, it is crucial to know the minimal codewords. In the context of linear programming (LP) decoding, it turns out to be necessary to know the minimal…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2016-11-17 Pascal O. Vontobel , Roxana Smarandache , Negar Kiyavash , Jason Teutsch , Dejan Vukobratovic

In this paper, we present an improved union bound on the Linear Programming (LP) decoding performance of the binary linear codes transmitted over an additive white Gaussian noise channels. The bounding technique is based on the second-order…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2012-03-09 Ohad Gidon , Yair Be'ery

Linear Programming (LP) is an important decoding technique for binary linear codes. However, the advantages of LP decoding, such as low error floor and strong theoretical guarantee, etc., come at the cost of high computational complexity…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2020-06-16 Yi Wei , Ming-Min Zhao , Min-Jian Zhao , Ming Lei

In this paper we investigate the structure of the fundamental polytope used in the Linear Programming decoding introduced by Feldman, Karger and Wainwright. We begin by showing that for expander codes, every fractional pseudocodeword always…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2007-09-26 Alexandros G. Dimakis , Amin A. Gohari , Martin J. Wainwright

Pseudocodewords of q-ary LDPC codes are examined and the weight of a pseudocodeword on the q-ary symmetric channel is defined. The weight definition of a pseudocodeword on the AWGN channel is also extended to two-dimensional q-ary…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2016-11-17 Christine A. Kelley , Deepak Sridhara , Joachim Rosenthal

This papers presents a detailed analysis of pseudocodewords of Tanner graphs. Pseudocodewords arising on the iterative decoder's computation tree are distinguished from pseudocodewords arising on finite degree lifts. Lower bounds on the…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2007-08-18 Christine A. Kelley , Deepak Sridhara

Just as the Hamming weight spectrum of a linear block code sheds light on the performance of a maximum likelihood decoder, the pseudo-weight spectrum provides insight into the performance of a linear programming decoder. Using properties of…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2016-11-17 Panu Chaichanavong , Paul H. Siegel

Linear-programming pseudocodewords play a pivotal role in our understanding of the linear-programming decoding algorithms. These pseudocodewords are known to be equivalent to the graph-cover pseudocodewords. The latter pseudocodewords, when…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2010-07-23 Vitaly Skachek

The development of practical, high-performance decoding algorithms reduces the resource cost of fault-tolerant quantum computing. Here we propose a decoder for the surface code that finds low-weight correction operators for errors produced…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-02-19 Asmae Benhemou , Kaavya Sahay , Lingling Lao , Benjamin J. Brown

In this work, we consider pseudocodewords of (relaxed) linear programming (LP) decoding of 3-dimensional turbo codes (3D-TCs). We present a relaxed LP decoder for 3D-TCs, adapting the relaxed LP decoder for conventional turbo codes proposed…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2016-11-17 Eirik Rosnes , Michael Helmling , Alexandre Graell i Amat

In previous work, we demonstrated how decoding of a non-binary linear code could be formulated as a linear-programming problem. In this paper, we study different polytopes for use with linear-programming decoding, and show that for many…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2016-11-18 Vitaly Skachek , Mark F. Flanagan , Eimear Byrne , Marcus Greferath

All utility-scale quantum computers will require some form of Quantum Error Correction in which logical qubits are encoded in a larger number of physical qubits. One promising encoding is known as the colour code which has broad…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-03-05 Mark Walters , Mark L. Turner

Linear Programming (LP) decoding of Low-Density Parity-Check (LDPC) codes has attracted much attention in the research community in the past few years. The aim of LP decoding is to develop an algorithm which has error-correcting performance…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2010-10-05 Mayur Punekar , Mark F. Flanagan

While low-density parity-check (LDPC) codes are near capacity-achieving when paired with iterative decoders, these decoders may not output a codeword due to the existence of pseudocodewords. Thus, pseudocodewords have been studied to give…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2025-12-03 Wittawat Kositwattanarerk , Gretchen L. Matthews , Emily McMillon , Tunchanok Yutitumsatit
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