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A quantum computer encodes information in quantum states and runs quantum algorithms to surpass the classical counterparts by exploiting quantum superposition and quantum correlation. Grover's quantum search algorithm is a typical quantum…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-08-23 Yutong Huang , Shengshi Pang

Quantum algorithms and circuits can, in principle, outperform the best non-quantum (classical) techniques for some hard computational problems. However, this does not necessarily lead to useful applications. To gauge the practical…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2007-05-23 George F. Viamontes , Igor L. Markov , John P. Hayes

Grover's quantum search algorithm is considered as one of the milestone in the field of quantum computing. The algorithm can search for a single match in a database with $N$ records in $O(\sqrt{N})$ assuming that the item must exist in the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2008-12-01 Ahmed Younes

Introduced below is a quantum database method, not only for retrieval but also for creation. It uses a particular structure of true's and false's in a state vector of n qubits, permitting up to 2**2**n words, vastly more than for classical…

Emerging Technologies · Computer Science 2011-06-23 John Robert Burger

Inspired by a class of algorithms proposed by Farhi et al. (arXiv:1411.4028), namely the quantum approximate optimization algorithm (QAOA), we present a circuit-based quantum algorithm to search for a needle in a haystack, obtaining the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2017-06-21 Zhang Jiang , Eleanor G. Rieffel , Zhihui Wang

We recast Grover's generalised search algorithm in a geometric language even when the states are not approximately orthogonal. We provide a possible search algorithm based on an arbitrary unitary transformation which can speed up the steps…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2007-05-23 Arun Kumar Pati

Quantum algorithms use the principles of quantum mechanics, as for example quantum superposition, in order to solve particular problems outperforming standard computation. They are developed for cryptography, searching, optimisation,…

Searching large databases is an important problem with broad applications. The Grover search algorithm provides a powerful method for quantum computers to perform searches with a quadratic speedup in the number of required database queries…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2017-12-05 C. Figgatt , D. Maslov , K. A. Landsman , N. M. Linke , S. Debnath , C. Monroe

Constraint satisfiability problems, crucial to several applications, are solved on a quantum computer using Grover's search algorithm, leading to a quadratic improvement over the classical case. The solutions are obtained with high…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-01-10 Gayathree M. Vinod , Anil Shaji

In this work, we consider a family of sure-success quantum algorithms, which is grouped into even and odd members for solving a generalized Grover search problem. We prove the matching conditions for both groups and give the corresponding…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2007-05-23 Jin-Yuan Hsieh , Che-Ming Li , Jenn-Sen Lin , Der-San Chuu

In the multitarget Grover algorithm, we are given an unstructured N-element list of objects S_i containing a T-element subset tau and function f, called an oracle, such that f(S_i)=1 if S_i is in tau, otherwise f(S_i) = 0. By using quantum…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2013-05-29 Keith Kastella , Richard Freeling

Search is one of the most commonly used primitives in quantum algorithm design. It is known that quadratic speedups provided by Grover's algorithm are optimal, and no faster quantum algorithms for Search exist. While it is known that at…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-06-07 Ansis Rosmanis

The task of finding an entry in an unsorted list of $N$ elements famously takes $O(N)$ queries to an oracle for a classical computer and $O(\sqrt{N})$ queries for a quantum computer using Grover's algorithm. Reformulated as a spatial search…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2022-01-04 Thomas G. Wong

We consider the problem of search of an unstructured list for a marked element, when one is given advice as to where this element might be located, in the form of a probability distribution. The goal is to minimise the expected number of…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2012-08-02 Ashley Montanaro

Quantum algorithm, as compared to classical algorithm, plays a notable role in solving linear systems of equations with an exponential speedup. Here, we demonstrate a method for solving a particular system of equations by using the concept…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2019-08-20 Rituparna Maji , Bikash K. Behera , Prasanta K. Panigrahi

The use of superposition of states in quantum computation, known as quantum parallelism, has significant advantage in terms of speed over the classical computation. It can be understood from the early invented quantum algorithms such as…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2017-11-17 Pulak Ranjan Giri , Vladimir E. Korepin

Grover's quantum algorithm can find a marked item from an unstructured database faster than any classical algorithm, and hence it has been used for several applications such as cryptanalysis and optimization. When there exist multiple…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-07-02 Kota Tani , Shunji Tsuchiya , Seiichiro Tani , Yuki Takeuchi

Grover's algorithm is a quantum search algorithm that proceeds by repeated applications of the Grover operator and the Oracle until the state evolves to one of the target states. In the standard version of the algorithm, the Grover operator…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2018-03-14 Tim Byrnes , Gary Forster , Louis Tessler

Since Grover's seminal work, quantum search has been studied in great detail. In the usual search problem, we have a collection of n items and we would like to find a marked item. We consider a new variant of this problem in which…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2007-05-23 Andris Ambainis

Withdrawn by the author due to irreparable errors. We present a quantum algorithm that in the black-box model performs a search in an ordered list of N elements. Using 3/4 log N + O(1) queries, it achieves a success probability of at least…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2007-05-23 Hein Roehrig