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The Gaussian kernel plays a central role in machine learning, uncertainty quantification and scattered data approximation, but has received relatively little attention from a numerical analysis standpoint. The basic problem of finding an…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2021-04-02 Toni Karvonen , Chris J. Oates , Mark Girolami

The kernel method is a potential approach to analyzing structured data such as sequences, trees, and graphs; however, unordered trees have not been investigated extensively. Kimura et al. (2011) proposed a kernel function for unordered…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2012-06-22 Daisuke Kimura , Hisashi Kashima

We introduce a broadly applicable statistical procedure for testing which parametric distribution family generated a random sample of data. The method, termed the Difference in Differential Entropy (DDE) test, provides a unified framework…

Econometrics · Economics 2025-12-15 Ron Mittelhammer , George Judge , Miguel Henry

Despite the success of deep learning for text and image data, tree-based ensemble models are still state-of-the-art for machine learning with heterogeneous tabular data. However, there is a significant need for tabular-specific…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-03-13 Sascha Marton , Stefan Lüdtke , Christian Bartelt , Heiner Stuckenschmidt

Deep Gaussian process models typically employ discrete hierarchies, but recent advancements in differential Gaussian processes (DiffGPs) have extended these models to infinite depths. However, existing DiffGP approaches often overlook the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-12-16 Jian Xu , Zhiqi Lin , Min Chen , Junmei Yang , Delu Zeng , John Paisley

Tree kernels are fundamental tools that have been leveraged in many applications, particularly those based on machine learning for Natural Language Processing tasks. In this paper, we devise a parallel implementation of the sequential…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-05-16 Souad Taouti , Hadda Cherroun , Djelloul Ziadi

Many physics-informed machine learning methods for PDE-based problems rely on Gaussian processes (GPs) or neural networks (NNs). However, both face limitations when data are scarce and the dimensionality is high. Although GPs are known for…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-01-31 Weihao Yan , Christoph Brune , Mengwu Guo

To generate data from trained diffusion models, most inference algorithms, such as DDPM, DDIM, and other variants, rely on discretizing the reverse SDEs or their equivalent ODEs. In this paper, we view such approaches as decomposing the…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2024-05-28 Xunpeng Huang , Difan Zou , Hanze Dong , Yi Zhang , Yi-An Ma , Tong Zhang

Choosing the most adequate kernel is crucial in many Machine Learning applications. Gaussian Process is a state-of-the-art technique for regression and classification that heavily relies on a kernel function. However, in the Gaussian…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-10-15 Ibai Roman , Roberto Santana , Alexander Mendiburu , Jose A. Lozano

An important feature of kernel mean embeddings (KME) is that the rate of convergence of the empirical KME to the true distribution KME can be bounded independently of the dimension of the space, properties of the distribution and smoothness…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2025-04-17 Geoffrey Wolfer , Pierre Alquier

We introduce a nonparametric way to estimate the global probability density function for a random persistence diagram. Precisely, a kernel density function centered at a given persistence diagram and a given bandwidth is constructed. Our…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2018-03-14 Joshua Lee Mike , Vasileios Maroulas

Density estimation is a fundamental task in statistics and machine learning applications. Kernel density estimation is a powerful tool for non-parametric density estimation in low dimensions; however, its performance is poor in higher…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-08-08 Joseph A. Gallego , Fabio A. González

The Gaussian kernel and its traditional normalizations (e.g., row-stochastic) are popular approaches for assessing similarities between data points. Yet, they can be inaccurate under high-dimensional noise, especially if the noise magnitude…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2023-07-12 Boris Landa , Xiuyuan Cheng

Bayesian optimization is highly effective for optimizing expensive-to-evaluate black-box functions, but it faces significant computational challenges due to the cubic per-iteration cost of Gaussian processes, which results in a total time…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2026-05-21 Tansheng Zhu , Hongyu Zhou , Ke Jin , Xusheng Xu , Qiufan Yuan , Lijie Ji

Generative models and those with computationally intractable likelihoods are widely used to describe complex systems in the natural sciences, social sciences, and engineering. Fitting these models to data requires likelihood-free inference…

Methodology · Statistics 2025-12-04 Rui Zhang , Oksana A. Chkrebtii , Dongbin Xiu

Despite the ubiquity of kernel-based clustering, surprisingly few statistical guarantees exist beyond settings that consider strong structural assumptions on the data generation process. In this work, we take a step towards bridging this…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-10-19 Leena Chennuru Vankadara , Sebastian Bordt , Ulrike von Luxburg , Debarghya Ghoshdastidar

Decision trees are widely adopted machine learning models due to their simplicity and explainability. However, as training data size grows, standard methods become increasingly slow, scaling polynomially with the number of training…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-01-23 Niraj Kumar , Romina Yalovetzky , Changhao Li , Pierre Minssen , Marco Pistoia

Density Estimation Trees can play an important role in exploratory data analysis for multidimensional, multi-modal data models of large samples. I briefly discuss the algorithm, a self-optimization technique based on kernel density…

Applications · Statistics 2015-02-04 Lucio Anderlini

Differential evolution (DE) is an effective global evolutionary optimization algorithm using to solve global optimization problems mainly in a continuous domain. In this field, researchers pay more attention to improving the capability of…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2023-03-07 Pan Zibin

We introduce a balloon estimator in a generalized expectation-maximization method for estimating all parameters of a Gaussian mixture model given one data sample per mixture component. Instead of limiting explicitly the model size, this…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2018-12-12 Colas Schretter , Jianyong Sun , Peter Schelkens