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Related papers: Space of events and the time observable

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In previous works, we showed that both time and space can emerge from entanglement within a globally constrained quantum Universe, with no background coordinates. By extending the Page and Wootters quantum time formalism to include both…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2025-09-30 Tommaso Favalli

Canonical quantization applied to closed systems leads to static equations, the Wheeler-deWitt equation in Quantum Gravity and the time independent Schr\"odinger equation in Quantum Mechanics. How to restore time is the Problem of Time(s).…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2022-01-21 M. Bauer , C. A. Aguillón

An effective formalism for quantum constrained systems is presented which allows manageable derivations of solutions and observables, including a treatment of physical reality conditions without requiring full knowledge of the physical…

Mathematical Physics · Physics 2009-03-12 Martin Bojowald , Barbara Sandhoefer , Aureliano Skirzewski , Artur Tsobanjan

We consider a solution to the problem of time in quantum gravity by deparameterisation of the ADM action in terms of York time, a parameter proportional to the extrinsic curvature of a spatial hypersurface. We study a minisuperspace model…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2014-12-16 Philipp Roser , Antony Valentini

Starting with the generally well accepted opinion that quantizing an arbitrary Hamiltonian system involves picking out some additional structure on the classical phase space (the {\sl shadow} of quantum mechanics in the classical theory),…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2009-10-30 J. R. Klauder , P. Maraner

Due to the absence of an external, classical time variable, the probabilistic predictions of covariant quantum theory are ambiguous when multiple measurements are considered. Here, we introduce an information theoretic framework to the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2011-11-09 S. Jay Olson , Jonathan P. Dowling

Consider a statistical model with an epistemic restriction such that, unlike in classical mechanics, the allowed distribution of positions is fundamentally restricted by the form of an underlying momentum field. Assume an agent (observer)…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2020-05-15 Agung Budiyono

Quantum mechanics predicts correlation between spacelike separated events which is widely argued to violate the principle of Local Causality. By contrast, here we shall show that the Schr\"odinger equation with Born's statistical…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2014-04-07 Agung Budiyono

If we admit that quantum mechanics (QM) is universal theory, then QM should contain also some description of classical mechanical systems. The presented text contains description of two different ways how the mathematical description of…

Mathematical Physics · Physics 2020-07-28 Pavel Bóna

Quantum particles in a potential are described by classical statistical probabilities. We formulate a basic time evolution law for the probability distribution of classical position and momentum such that all known quantum phenomena follow,…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2011-12-16 C. Wetterich

An improved Hamiltonian constraint operator is introduced in loop quantum cosmology. Quantum dynamics of the spatially flat, isotropic model with a massless scalar field is then studied in detail using analytical and numerical methods. The…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2008-11-26 Abhay Ashtekar , Tomasz Pawlowski , Parampreet Singh

Descriptions of classical mechanics in Hilbert space go back to the work of Koopman and von Neumann in the 1930s. Decades later, van Hove derived a unitary representation of the group of contact transformations which recently has been used…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-04-02 Marcel Reginatto , Andrés Darío Bermúdez Manjarres , Sebastian Ulbricht

The quantum mechanics description of a physical object stretched in space and stable in time from the relativistic space-time properties point of view, introduced in special theory of relativity, is considered and analysed. The mathematical…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2007-05-23 Andrey V. Novikov-Borodin

We summarize our investigation of the extent to which the choice of internal clock influences the dynamics in quantum models of gravity. Firstly, at the classical level, we define an extension to the Hamilton-Jacobi theory of contact…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2015-12-15 Przemyslaw Malkiewicz

It is shown that quantum mechanics on noncommutative (NC) spaces can be obtained by canonical quantization of some underlying constrained systems. Noncommutative geometry arises after taking into account the second class constraints…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2009-11-07 A. A. Deriglazov

Time in quantum mechanics is peculiar: it is an observable that cannot be associated to an Hermitian operator. As a consequence it is impossible to explain dynamics in an isolated system without invoking an external classical clock, a fact…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2022-01-25 Tommaso Favalli , Augusto Smerzi

We derive the classical limit of quantum mechanics by describing the center of mass of a system constituted by a large number of particles. We will show that in that limit the commutator between the position and velocity of the center of…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2009-02-03 Gabriele Carcassi

Without wasting time and effort on philosophical justifications and implications, we write down the conditions for the Hamiltonian of a quantum system for rendering it mathematically equivalent to a deterministic system. These are the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2020-06-09 Gerard t Hooft

A rigorous quantum description of molecular dynamics with a particular emphasis on internal observables is developed accounting explicitly for kinetic couplings between nuclei and electrons. Rotational modes are treated in a genuinely…

Chemical Physics · Physics 2015-07-07 Sylvain D. Brechet , Francois A. Reuse , Klaus Maschke , Jean-Philippe Ansermet

We show that, in spite of a rather common opinion, quantum mechanics can be represented as an approximation of classical statistical mechanics. The approximation under consideration is based on the ordinary Taylor expansion of physical…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2009-11-11 Andrei Khrennikov