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We revisit our earlier work and investigate the bound state perturbations in the interior of the Schwarzschild black hole. The bound sates are defined as the perturbations in the interior of the black hole with an imaginary spectrum which…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2025-12-01 Hassan Firouzjahi

The parabolic-hyperbolic form of the constraints is integrated numerically. The applied numerical stencil is $4^{th}$ order accurate (in the spatial directions) while 'time'-integration is made by using the method of lines with a $4^{th}$…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2022-01-13 Anna Nakonieczna , Łukasz Nakonieczny , István Rácz

We focus here on a class of fourth-order parabolic equations that can be written as a system of second-order equations by introducing an auxiliary variable. We design a novel second-order fully discrete mixed finite element method to…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2020-08-28 Sana Keita , Abdelaziz Beljadid , Yves Bourgault

The description of extreme-mass-ratio binary systems in the inspiral phase is a challenging problem in gravitational wave physics with significant relevance for the space interferometer LISA. The main difficulty lies in the evaluation of…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2009-11-11 Carlos F. Sopuerta , Pablo Laguna

The ``close limit,'' a method based on perturbations of Schwarzschild spacetime, has proved to be a very useful tool for finding approximate solutions to models of black hole collisions. Calculations carried out with second order…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2009-10-31 A. Garat , R. H. Price

In this paper, a piecewise quadratic nonconforming finite element method on rectangular grids for a fourth-order elliptic singular perturbation problem is presented. This proposed method is robustly convergent with respect to the…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2020-06-30 Huilan Zeng , Chen-Song Zhang , Shuo Zhang

We integrate the third and a half post-Newtonian equations of motion for a fully generic binary black hole system, allowing both for non-circular orbits, and for one or both of the black holes to spin, in any orientation. Using the second…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2019-07-17 Brennan Ireland , Ofek Birnholtz , Hiroyuki Nakano , Eric West , Manuela Campanelli

Detailed observations of phenomena involving black holes, be it via gravitational waves or more traditional electromagnetic means, can probe the strong field regime of the gravitational interaction. The prediction of features in such…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2020-02-19 Andrew Sullivan , Nicolás Yunes , Thomas P. Sotiriou

We calculate the odd-parity, radiative ($\ell \ge 2$) parts of the metric perturbation in Lorenz gauge caused by a small compact object in eccentric orbit about a Schwarzschild black hole. The Lorenz gauge solution is found via gauge…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2013-03-20 Seth Hopper , Charles R. Evans

We derive a geometrical version of the Regge-Wheeler and Zerilli equations, which allows us to study gravitational perturbations on an arbitrary spherically symmetric slicing of a Schwarzschild black hole. We explain how to obtain the…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2009-11-07 Olivier Sarbach , Manuel Tiglio

Perturbation theory of rotating black holes is described in terms of the Weyl scalars $\psi_4$ and $\psi_0$; each satisfying the Teukolsky's complex master wave equation with spin $s=\mp2$, and respectively representing outgoing and ingoing…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2009-11-11 Carlos O. Lousto

We present analytic calculations of gravitational waves from a particle orbiting a black hole. We first review the Teukolsky formalism for dealing with the gravitational perturbation of a black hole. Then we develop a systematic method to…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2008-11-26 Yasushi Mino , Misao Sasaki , Masaru Shibata , Hideyuki Tagoshi , Takahiro Tanaka

We present a method for solving the first-order field equations in a post-Newtonian (PN) expansion. Our calculations generalize work of Bini and Damour and subsequently Kavanagh et al., to consider eccentric orbits on a Schwarzschild…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2016-02-10 Seth Hopper , Chris Kavanagh , Adrian C. Ottewill

We consider perturbations of a Schwarzschild black hole that can be of both even and odd parity, keeping terms up to second order in perturbation theory, for the $\ell=2$ axisymmetric case. We develop explicit formulae for the evolution…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2015-06-25 Carlos O. Nicasio , Reinaldo Gleiser , Jorge Pullin

We present a novel approach, $\textit{Metric pErTuRbations wIth speCtral methodS}$ (METRICS), to calculate the gravitational metric perturbations and the quasinormal-mode frequencies of rotating black holes of any spin without decoupling…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2024-03-05 Adrian Ka-Wai Chung , Pratik Wagle , Nicolas Yunes

We reformulate the theory of Schwarzschild black hole perturbations in terms of the metric perturbation in the Lorenz gauge. In this formulation, each tensor-harmonic mode of the perturbation is constructed algebraically from 10 scalar…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2009-11-11 Leor Barack , Carlos O. Lousto

Keeping Einstein's equations in second order form can be appealing for computational efficiency, because of the reduced number of variables and constraints. Stability issues emerge, however, which are not present in first order…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2016-08-31 Gioel Calabrese

A Regge--Wheeler analysis is performed for a novel black hole mimicker `the regular black hole with asymptotically Minkowski core', followed by an approximation of the permitted quasi-normal modes for propagating waveforms. A first-order…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2021-10-06 Alex Simpson

We perform a fully relativistic analysis of odd-type linear perturbations around a static and spherically symmetric solution in the most general scalar-tensor theory with second-order field equations in four-dimensional spacetime. It is…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2017-11-15 Tsutomu Kobayashi , Hayato Motohashi , Teruaki Suyama

We study the linear perturbations about nonrotating black holes in the context of degenerate higher-order scalar-tensor (DHOST) theories, using a systematic approach that extracts the asymptotic behaviour of perturbations (at spatial…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2021-12-15 David Langlois , Karim Noui , Hugo Roussille