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Data-poisoning based backdoor attacks aim to insert backdoor into models by manipulating training datasets without controlling the training process of the target model. Existing attack methods mainly focus on designing triggers or fusion…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2023-07-17 Zihao Zhu , Mingda Zhang , Shaokui Wei , Li Shen , Yanbo Fan , Baoyuan Wu

The ballistic impact of various dense particle suspensions is of interest for the development of superior materials for personal protective equipment. The dynamic response of the fluids under impact of a fragment simulating projectile at…

Fluid Dynamics · Physics 2015-03-19 Bradley J. Marr , Oren E. Petel , Andrew J. Higgins , David L. Frost , Simon Ouellet

Thin-walled straight circular tubes (SCT) are frequently used as energy absorbing devices in the crashworthy applications. This paper introduces a various tubal configuration, namely aluminium foam filled corrugation tube and tapered tube…

Applied Physics · Physics 2020-06-09 Santhosh Reddy , Vignesh Sampath , C. Lakshmana Rao

Magnetized collisionless shocks drive particle acceleration broadly in space and astrophysics. We perform the first large-scale particle-in-cell simulations with realistic laboratory parameters (density, temperature, and velocity) to…

Plasma Physics · Physics 2024-05-24 P. Liu , D. Wu , D. W. Yuan , G. Zhao , Z. M. Sheng , X. T. He , J. Zhang

Interfacial friction plays a crucial role in the mechanical properties of carbon nanotube based fibers, composites, and devices. Here we use molecular dynamics simulation to investigate the pressure effect on the friction within carbon…

Materials Science · Physics 2010-01-27 Xiaohua Zhang , Qingwen Li

Impact induced traumatic brain injury (ITBI) describes brain injury from head impact not necessarily accompanied by skull fracture. For sufficiently abrupt head impact decelerations, ITBI results from brain tissue stress incurred as the…

Medical Physics · Physics 2009-04-21 Eric G. Blackman

To further understand their nature, micro cavitation bubbles were systematically diffused around the exterior of a test body (tube) fully submerged in a water tank. The primary purpose was to assess the feasibility of applying micro…

Fluid Dynamics · Physics 2017-11-09 Stefan C. Mancas , Shahrdad G. Sajjadi , Asalie Anderson , Derek Hoffman

We report on the experimental observation of a transition from a dispersive wave turbulence regime to a nondispersive regime involving shock waves on the surface of a fluid. We use a magnetic fluid in a canal subjected to an external…

Fluid Dynamics · Physics 2023-02-01 Guillaume Ricard , Eric Falcon

The temporal evolution of weak shocks in radiative media is theoretically investigated in this work. The structure of radiative shocks has traditionally been studied in a stationary framework. Their systematic classification is complex…

Widths of shocks are compared, under liquid and solid conditions, for a two-dimensional layer of charged microspheres levitated in a plasma. In this strongly coupled dusty plasma, a shock was launched as a blast wave by moving an exciter…

Plasma Physics · Physics 2021-11-10 Anton Kananovich , J. Goree

Backdoor attacks inject poisoning samples during training, with the goal of forcing a machine learning model to output an attacker-chosen class when presented a specific trigger at test time. Although backdoor attacks have been demonstrated…

The impact of a plunging breaker on a partially submerged cube is explored experimentally in a wave tank equipped with a programable wave maker. The experiments are conducted with the cube (dimension $L=30.48$ cm) positioned at one…

Fluid Dynamics · Physics 2018-04-09 An Wang , Christine M. Ikeda , David A. Drazen , Anne M. Fullerton , Thomas Fu , James H. Duncan

Shock waves in plasmas can be characterized by the mechanisms behind their formation. When binary collisions are frequent, dissipation is collision-driven and the shock width is a few mean free paths. In contrast, collisionless shocks rely…

Plasma Physics · Physics 2025-08-18 Yossef Nissim Kindi , Asaf Pe'er , Antoine Bret , Luís O. Silva , Kevin M. Schoeffler

We derive expressions for shock formation based on the local curvature of the flow characteristics during dynamic compression. Given a specific ramp adiabat, calculated for instance from the equation of state for a substance, the ideal…

Electron Cyclotron Resonance Ion Sources are currently the most efficient ion sources among those used in facilities dedicated to nuclear physics. The need for a more flexible magnetic field and RF injection system suggested to design and…

Using molecular dynamics (MD) simulations of a generic model, we investigate heat propagation in bottle--brush polymers (BBP). An architecture is referred to as a BBP when a linear (backbone) polymer is grafted with the side chains of…

Soft Condensed Matter · Physics 2024-02-06 Manoj Kumar Maurya , Tobias Laschuetza , Manjesh Kumar Singh , Debashish Mukherji

Bow shocks radiate a lot of energy away around supersonic objects in air. To minimize such waves is urgent for fast aircraft. Heat experiments exist where air drag is minimized. Here is a theoretical description of how shocks can be…

Fluid Dynamics · Physics 2009-03-18 David Jonsson

The formation and properties of envelope dispersive shock wave (DSW) excitations from repulsive nonlinear waves in a magnetic film are studied. Experiments involve the excitation of a spin-wave step pulse in a low-loss magnetic…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2017-07-19 P. A. Praveen Janantha , Patrick Sprenger , Mark A. Hoefer , Mingzhong Wu

We consider the recently discovered \emph{pair-Alfv\'en shock wave} occurring in collisionless electron-positron plasmas. We perform a series of Particle-In-Cell studies in one and two dimensions in order to determine the stability…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2025-07-31 John Daniel Riordan , Mark E. Dieckmann , Asaf Pe'er

Cylindrically or spherically focusing shock waves have been of keen interest for the past several decades. In addition to fundamental study of materials under extreme conditions, cavitation, and sonoluminescence, focusing shock waves enable…