Related papers: Trapped and marginally trapped surfaces in Weyl-di…
The concept of a marginally trapped surface is important in the theory of general relativity. In the Schwarzschild black hole spacetime, its event horizon is foliated by marginally trapped surfaces. In a more general black hole spacetime,…
The traditional description of black holes in terms of event horizons is inadequate for many physical applications, especially when studying black holes in non-stationary spacetimes. In these cases, it is often more useful to use the…
In this paper, we perform a detailed investigation on the various geometrical properties of trapped surfaces and the boundaries of trapped region in general relativity. This treatment extends earlier work on LRS II spacetimes to a general 4…
This paper considers some fundamental questions concerning marginally trapped surfaces, or apparent horizons, in Cauchy data sets for the Einstein equation. An area estimate for outermost marginally trapped surfaces is proved. The proof…
This article introduces the subject of quasi-local horizons at a level suitable for physics graduate students who have taken a first course on general relativity. It reviews properties of trapped surfaces and trapped regions in some simple…
I will discuss some recent results on marginally outer trapped surfaces, apparent horizons, and the trapped region. A couple of applications of the results developed for marginally outer trapped surfaces to coalescence of black holes and to…
A general definition of a black hole is given, and general `laws of black-hole dynamics' derived. The definition involves something similar to an apparent horizon, a trapping horizon, defined as a hypersurface foliated by marginal surfaces…
We discuss properties of a 4-dimensional Schwarzschild black hole in a spacetime where one of the spatial dimensions is compactified. As a result of the compactification the event horizon of the black hole is distorted. We use Weyl…
We examine potential deformations of inner black hole and cosmological horizons in Reissner-Nordstr\"om de-Sitter spacetimes. While the rigidity of the outer black hole horizon is guaranteed by theorem, that theorem applies to neither the…
Trapped regions bounded by horizons are the defining features of black holes. However, formation of a singularity-free apparent horizon in finite time of a distant observer is consistent only with special states of geometry and matter in…
We analytically construct an infinite number of trapped toroids in spherically symmetric Cauchy hypersurfaces of the Einstein equations. We focus on initial data which represent "constant density stars" momentarily at rest. There exists an…
For distant observers black holes are trapped spacetime domains bounded by apparent horizons. We review properties of the near-horizon geometry emphasizing the consequences of two common implicit assumptions of semiclassical physics. The…
I review the definition and types of (closed) trapped surfaces. Surprising global properties are shown, such as their "clairvoyance" and the possibility that they enter into flat portions of the spacetime. Several results on the interplay…
We construct the marginal loosely trapped surface (marginal LTS) for the Kerr spacetime with a small Kerr parameter perturbatively, where the LTS condition is saturated. An LTS is a surface that specifies the strong gravity region, which is…
Black holes in general relativity are characterized by their trapping horizon, a one-way membrane that can be crossed only inwards. The existence of trapping horizons in astrophysical black holes can be tested observationally using a…
We demonstrate, for the first time, that arbitrary spherically symmetric metrics can be derived within a framework based on the coupling of two scalar fields and an electromagnetic field. We then specialize to a class of non-stationary…
We introduce the notion of a local shadow for a black hole and determine its shape for the particular case of a distorted Schwarzschild black hole. Considering the lowest-order even and odd multiple moments, we compute the relation between…
Marginally trapped surfaces (MTSs) are commonly used in numerical relativity to locate black holes. For dynamical black holes, it is not known generally if this procedure is sufficiently reliable. Even for Schwarzschild black holes, Wald…
A very simple criterion to ascertain if (D-2)-surfaces are trapped in arbitrary D-dimensional Lorentzian manifolds is given. The result is purely geometric, independent of the particular gravitational theory, of any field equations or of…
We review the basic definitions and properties of trapped surfaces and discuss them in the context of Kerr-Vaidya line-element. Our study shows that the apparent horizon does not exist in general for axisymmetric space-times. The reason…