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A number of methods of flare prediction rely on classification of physical characteristics of an active region, in particular optical classification of sunspots, and historical rates of flaring for a given classification. However these…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-11-10 M. S. Wheatland

Solar flares are transient yet dramatic events in the atmosphere of the Sun, during which a vast amount of magnetic energy is liberated. This energy is subsequently transported through the solar atmosphere or into the heliosphere, and…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2022-12-14 Graham S. Kerr

In contrast to the situation in a laboratory, the study of the solar atmosphere has to be pursued without direct access to the physical conditions of interest. Information is therefore incomplete and uncertain and inference methods need to…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2018-01-24 I. Arregui

A test of a new Bayesian approach to solar flare prediction (Wheatland 2004a) is presented. The approach uses the past history of flaring together with phenomenological rules of flare statistics to make a prediction for the probability of…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-11-10 M. S. Wheatland

During solar flares a tremendous amount of magnetic energy is released and transported through the Sun's atmosphere and out into the heliosphere. Despite over a century of study, many unresolved questions surrounding solar flares are still…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2022-12-14 Graham S. Kerr

We present an overview of solar flares and associated phenomena, drawing upon a wide range of observational data primarily from the RHESSI era. Following an introductory discussion and overview of the status of observational capabilities,…

The issue of predicting solar flares is one of the most fundamental in physics, addressing issues of plasma physics, high-energy physics, and modelling of complex systems. It also poses societal consequences, with our ever-increasing need…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2014-11-20 R. T. James McAteer , Peter T. Gallagher , Paul A. Conlon

One way of revealing the nature of the coronal heating mechanism is by comparing simple theoretical one dimensional hydrostatic loop models with observations at the temperature and/or density structure along these features. The most…

Astrophysics · Physics 2011-08-22 Sotiris Adamakis , Anthony J. Morton-Jones , Robert W. Walsh

Measuring the temperature structure of the solar atmosphere is critical to understanding how it is heated to high temperatures. Unfortunately, the temperature of the upper atmosphere cannot be observed directly, but must be inferred from…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2017-03-08 Harry P. Warren , Jeff M. Byers , Nicholas A. Crump

We consider imaging of solar flares from NASA RHESSI data as a parametric imaging problem, where flares are represented as a finite collection of geometric shapes. We set up a Bayesian model in which the number of objects forming the image…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2018-11-26 Federica Sciacchitano , Silvio Lugaro , Alberto Sorrentino

A Bayesian approach to solar flare prediction has been developed, which uses only the event statistics of flares already observed. The method is simple, objective, and makes few ad hoc assumptions. It is argued that this approach should be…

Astrophysics · Physics 2016-03-09 M. S. Wheatland

The physics of solar flares occurring on the Sun is highly complex and far from fully understood. However, observations show that solar eruptions are associated with the intense kilogauss fields of active regions, where free energies are…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2024-01-26 Bach Viet Do , Yang Chen , XuanLong Nguyen , Ward Manchester

Solar flares are the largest energy-release events in the Solar System, allowing us to study fundamental physical phenomena under extreme conditions. Those include magnetic reconnection, particle acceleration, radiation transport, and…

Solar flares are extremely energetic phenomena in our Solar System. Their impulsive, often drastic radiative increases, in particular at short wavelengths, bring immediate impacts that motivate solar physics and space weather research to…

Solar flares are energetic events taking place in the Sun's atmosphere, and their effects can greatly impact the environment of the surrounding planets. In particular, eruptive flares, as opposed to confined flares, launch coronal mass…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2016-01-20 Miho Janvier , Guillaume Aulanier , Pascal Demoulin

Solar flares result from the rapid conversion of stored magnetic energy within the Sun's corona. These energy releases are associated with coronal magnetic loops, which are rooted in dense photospheric plasma and are passively transported…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2025-03-28 M. Berretti , S. Mestici , L. Giovannelli , D. Del Moro , M. Stangalini , F. Giannattasio , F. Berrilli

Solar flares are driven by release of the free magnetic energy and its conversion to other forms of energy -- kinetic, thermal, and nonthermal. Quantification of partitions between these energy components and their evolution is needed to…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2023-08-02 Gregory D. Fleishman , Gelu M. Nita , Galina G. Motorina

Solar flares stem from the reconnection of twisted magnetic field lines in the solar photosphere. The energy and waiting time distributions of these events follow complex patterns that have been carefully considered in the past and that…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2014-10-17 M. Mendoza , A. Kaydul , L. de Arcangelis , J. S. Andrade , H. J. Herrmann

This paper investigates the temporal evolution of temperature, emission measure, energy loss and velocity in a C-class solar flare from both an observational and theoretical perspective. The properties of the flare were derived by following…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-11-13 Claire L. Raftery , Peter T. Gallagher , Ryan O. Milligan , James A. Klimchuk

Extreme ultraviolet (EUV) solar flare emissions evolve in time as the emitting plasma heats and then cools. Although accurately modeling this evolution has been historically difficult, especially for empirical relationships, it is important…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2017-11-28 Edward M. B. Thiemann , Francis G. Eparvier , Thomas N. Woods
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