Related papers: Compressive pressure, spatial confinement of ions,…
In this paper, on the basis of the Onsager--Wilson theory of strong binary electrolyte solutions we completely work out the solutions of the governing equations (Onsager-Fuoss equations and Poisson equations) for nonequilibrium pair…
In the preceding paper, the exact solution of Stokes equation was obtained for a binary strong electrolyte solution in an external electric field. In the present paper, the solution is applied to calculate the Wien effect on deviation from…
Aqueous electrolyte solutions under the influence of a temperature gradient can generate thermoelectric fields, which arise from different responses of the positive and negative charges. This is related to the thermo diffusion effect which…
In this paper, we follow the general idea of the Onsager--Wilson theory of strong binary electrolyte solutions and completely calculate the velocity profile of ionic flow by first formally solving the hydrodynamic (Stokes) equation for the…
Single-ion Soret coefficients $\alpha_{i}$ characterize the tendency of ions in an electrolyte solution to move in a thermal gradient. When these coefficients differ between cations and anions, an electric field can be generated. For this…
Ionic Seebeck effect of electrolytes has shown promising applications in harvesting energy from low-grade waste-heat sources with small temperature difference from the environment, which can power sensors and Internet-of-Things devices.…
The concept of the partial osmotic pressure of ions in an electrolyte solution is critically examined. In principle these can be defined by introducing a solvent-permeable wall and measuring the force per unit area which can certainly be…
We construct a mean-field formulation of the thermodynamics of ion solvation in immiscible polar binary mixtures. Assuming an equilibrium planar interface separating two semi-infinite regions of different constant dielectric medium, we…
The effect of an axial temperature gradient on the flow profile and the induced streaming potential of a pressure-driven symmetric electrolyte in a slit channel is investigated. Based on the non-isothermal Nernst-Planck equations as well as…
In systems accreting well below the Eddington rate, the plasma in the innermost regions of the disk is collisionless and two-temperature, with the ions hotter than the electrons. Yet, whether a collisionless faster-than-Coulomb energy…
The analysis of the wave content inside a perpendicular bow shock indicates that heating of ions is related to the Lower-Hybrid-Drift (LHD) instability, and heating of electrons to the Electron-Cyclotron-Drift (ECD) instability. Both…
The electric field in an extended phase of a liquid electrolyte exposed to a temperature gradient is attributed to different thermophoretic mobilities of the ion species. As shown herein, such Soret-type ion thermodiffusion is not required…
A model is constructed to describe the arbitrary deformation of a drop or vesicle that contains and is embedded in an electrolyte solution, where the deformation is caused by an applied electric field. The applied field produces an…
A new scenario of thermalization process of the adsorbate attached at solid surfaces is proposed. The scenario is based on existence of electric dipole layer in which the electron wavefunctions extend over the positive ions. Thus the strong…
We consider the dynamics of a compressible fluid under the influence of electrostrictive ponderomotive forces in strong inhomogeneous nonstationary electric fields. It is shown that if the fronts of the voltage rise at a sharp, needle-like…
In the innermost regions of low-luminosity accretion flows, including Sgr A* at the center of our Galaxy, the frequency of Coulomb collisions is so low that the plasma is two-temperature, with the ions substantially hotter than the…
The problem of the one dimensional electro-diffusion of ions in a strong binary electrolyte is considered. In such a system the solute dissociates completely into two species of ions with unlike charges. The mathematical description…
The description of a conducting medium in thermal equilibrium, such as an electrolyte solution or a plasma, involves nonlinear electrostatics, a subject rarely discussed in the standard electricity and magnetism textbooks. We consider in…
Based on the variational field theory framework, we extend our previous mean-field formalism, taking into account the electrostatic correlations of the ions. We employ a general covariant approach and derive a total stress tensor that…
We present experimental data on the non-adiabatic strong field ionization of atomic hydrogen using elliptically polarized femtosecond laser pulses at a central wavelength of 390 nm. Our measured results are in very good agreement with a…