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The topic of this treatise is a combinatorial technique called Graph Pebbling. We investigate pebbling numbers, weight functions, flow networks, hypercubes, and the zero-sum conjecture of Erd\H{o}s and Lemke. This investigation is a…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2023-05-01 Herman Bergwerf

Given a distribution of pebbles on the vertices of a graph, say that we can pebble a vertex if a pebble is left on it after some sequence of moves, each of which takes two pebbles from some vertex and places one on an adjacent vertex. A…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2019-06-03 David Moews

Pebbling is a game played on a graph. The single player is given a graph and a configuration of pebbles and may make pebbling moves by removing 2 pebbles from one vertex and placing one at an adjacent vertex to eventually have one pebble…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2018-09-10 John Asplund , Franklin Kenter

A pebbling move on a graph removes two pebbles at a vertex and adds one pebble at an adjacent vertex. Rubbling is a version of pebbling where an additional move is allowed. In this new move, one pebble each is removed at vertices $v$ and…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2017-08-29 Gyula Y. Katona , László F. Papp

Suppose that pebbles are distributed on the vertices of a graph G. A pebbling step along an edge uv removes two pebbles from u and places one pebble on v. We introduce two new graph parameters: stack(G): the least integer t such that every…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2026-04-27 Tamás Csernák , Lajos Soukup

A pebbling step on a graph consists of removing two pebbles from one vertex and placing one pebble on an adjacent vertex. A graph is said to be cover pebbled if every vertex has a pebble on it after a series of pebbling steps. The cover…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2007-05-23 Maggy Tomova , Cindy Wyels

In graph pegging, we view each vertex of a graph as a hole into which a peg can be placed, with checker-like ``pegging moves'' allowed. Motivated by well-studied questions in graph pebbling, we introduce two pegging quantities. The pegging…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2008-04-08 Geir Helleloid , Madeeha Khalid , David Petrie Moulton , Philip Matchett Wood

Given a distribution of pebbles to the vertices of a graph, a pebbling move removes two pebbles from a single vertex and places a single pebble on an adjacent vertex. The pebbling number $\pi(G)$ is the smallest number such that, for any…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2019-05-22 Franklin Kenter , Daphne Skipper , Dan Wilson

The last decade has seen a revival of interest in pebble games in the context of proof complexity. Pebbling has proven a useful tool for studying resolution-based proof systems when comparing the strength of different subsystems, showing…

Computational Complexity · Computer Science 2015-03-13 Jakob Nordström

A configuration of pebbles on the vertices of a graph is solvable if one can place a pebble on any given root vertex via a sequence of pebbling steps. The pebbling number of a graph G is the minimum number pi(G) so that every configuration…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2007-05-23 Andrzej Czygrinow , Glenn Hurlbert

Let $G=(V,E)$ be a simple graph. A function $f:V\rightarrow \mathbb{N}\cup \{0\}$ is called a configuration of pebbles on the vertices of $G$ and the quantity $\vert f\vert=\sum_{u\in V}f(u)$ is called the weight of $f$ which is just the…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2024-02-21 Fatemeh Aghaei , Saeid Alikhani

A pebbling move on a graph consists of taking two pebbles off from one vertex and add one pebble on an adjacent vertex, the $t$-pebbling number of a graph $G$ is the minimum number of pebbles so that we can move $t$ pebbles on any vertex on…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2019-07-02 Zheng-Jiang Xia , Zhen-Mu Hong

A pebbling move refers to the act of removing two pebbles from one vertex and placing one pebble on an adjacent vertex. The goal of graph pebbling is: Given an initial distribution of pebbles, use pebbling moves to reach a specified goal…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2018-01-29 Garth Isaak , Matthew Prudente

Consider a configuration of pebbles on the vertices of a connected graph. A pebbling move is to remove two pebbles from a vertex and to place one pebble at the neighbouring vertex of the vertex from which the pebbles are removed. For a…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2025-04-01 I. Dhivviyanandam , A. Lourdusamy , S. Kither Iammal , K. Christy Rani

The $t$-fold pebbling number, $\pi_t(G)$, of a graph $G$ is defined to be the minimum number $m$ so that, from any given configuration of $m$ pebbles on the vertices of $G$, it is possible to place at least $t$ pebbles on any specified…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2022-12-06 Liliana Alcón , Glenn Hurlbert

In this paper, we define a new parameter of a graph as a spin-off of the pebbling number (which is the smallest $t$ such that every supply of $t$ pebbles can satisfy every demand of one pebble). This new parameter is the singular pebbling…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2023-07-18 Harmony Morris

Given an initial configuration of pebbles on a graph, one can move pebbles in pairs along edges, at the cost of one of the pebbles moved, with the objective of reaching a specified target vertex. The pebbling number of a graph is the…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2009-09-29 Airat Bekmetjev , Glenn Hurlbert

We survey results on the pebbling numbers of graphs as well as their historical connection with a number-theoretic question of Erd\H os and Lemke. We also present new results on two probabilistic pebbling considerations, first the random…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2007-05-23 Glenn Hurlbert

We prove a generalization of Graham's Conjecture for optimal pebbling with arbitrary sets of target distributions. We provide bounds on optimal pebbling numbers of products of complete graphs and explicitly find optimal $t$-pebbling numbers…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2009-08-03 David S. Herscovici , Benjamin D. Hester , Glenn H. Hurlbert

Given a configuration of pebbles on the vertices of a connected graph G, a pebbling move is defined as the removal of two pebbles from some vertex, and the placement of one of these on an adjacent vertex. We introduce the notion of…