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An extrapolation of the genetic complexity of organisms to earlier times suggests that life began before the Earth was formed. Life may have started from systems with single heritable elements that are functionally equivalent to a…

General Physics · Physics 2013-04-12 Alexei A. Sharov , Richard Gordon

The controversy concerning both the definition of the species and methods for inferring the boundaries and numbers of species has occupied biologists for centuries, and the debate itself has become known as the species problem. The modern…

Other Quantitative Biology · Quantitative Biology 2010-04-20 Yan Huang

A zombie apocalypse is one pandemic that would likely be worse than anything humanity has ever seen. However, despite the mechanisms for zombie uprisings in pop culture, it is unknown whether zombies, from an evolutionary point of view, can…

Populations and Evolution · Quantitative Biology 2021-08-06 Alisha Kumari , Elijah Reece , Kursad Tosun , Scott Greenhalgh

In a previous paper we addressed the question "Does the Rapid Appearance of Life on Earth Suggest that Life is Common in the Universe?" The non-observability of recent biogenesis is a self-selection effect that needs to be considered if…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-11-07 Charles H. Lineweaver , Tamara M. Davis

A key result of hydrogravitational dynamics cosmology relevant to astrobiology is the early formation of vast numbers of hot primordial-gas planets in million-solar-mass clumps as the dark matter of galaxies and the hosts of first life.…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2015-05-19 Carl H. Gibson , N. Chandra Wickramasinghe , Rudolph E. Schild

The search for life elsewhere in the universe is one of the central aims of science in the 21st century. While most of this work is aimed at planets orbiting other stars, the search for life in our own Solar System is an important part of…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2023-01-13 David L. Clements

This paper suggests that a universal solution to the Fermi paradox exists and can be derived directly from the definition of life and/or intelligence, therefore eliminating the need for any questionable assumptions and even for the…

Popular Physics · Physics 2019-03-29 Alexander Berezin

The poly-tRNA model was recently presented for the origin and evolution of genetic coding. This model has led to a rather precise description of what might have occurred at the beginning of protein synthesis in the first life form. Here, we…

Populations and Evolution · Quantitative Biology 2020-08-17 Jacques H. Daniel

You and I are highly unlikely to exist in a civilization that has produced only 70 billion people, yet we find ourselves in just such a civilization. Our circumstance, which seems difficult to explain, is easily accounted for if (1) many…

Popular Physics · Physics 2012-09-28 Austin Gerig

Many mechanisms, functions and structures of life have been unraveled. However, the fundamental driving force that propelled chemical evolution and led to life has remained obscure. The 2nd law of thermodynamics, written as an equation of…

Populations and Evolution · Quantitative Biology 2009-10-15 Arto Annila , Erkki Annila

Fermi's Paradox is the contradiction between the fact that it would seem to be highly probable that there are other technologically advanced species beyond the Earth, and the fact that there is no generally accepted evidence for their…

Popular Physics · Physics 2018-12-19 Kent A. Peacock

It is often suggested that extraterrestial life sufficiently advanced to be capable of interstellar travel or communication must be rare, since otherwise we would have seen evidence of it by now. This in turn is sometimes taken as indirect…

Popular Physics · Physics 2011-04-05 Adrian Kent

Given a sufficiently large universe, numerous civilizations almost surely exist. Some of these civilizations will be short-lived and die out relatively early in their development, i.e., before having the chance to spread to other planets.…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2015-06-15 Austin Gerig , Ken D. Olum , Alexander Vilenkin

Is life a common outcome of physical and chemical processes in the universe? Within our own solar system, a successful search for even primitive life, were it to have an origin independent from life on Earth, would dramatically advance a…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2010-04-13 J. I. Lunine

We present a new proof of descent for stably dominated types in any theory, dropping the hypothesis of the existence of global invariant extensions. Additionally, we give a much simpler proof of descent for stably dominated types in…

Logic · Mathematics 2025-12-16 Pierre Simon , Mariana Vicaria

We have used the Penna ageing model to analyze how the differences in evolution of sex chromosomes depend on the strategy of reproduction. In panmictic populations, when females (XX) can freely choose the male partner (XY) for reproduction…

Populations and Evolution · Quantitative Biology 2008-11-03 Przemyslaw Biecek , Stanislaw Cebrat

We advance a famous principle - causality principle - but under a new view. This principle is a principium automatically leading to most fundamental laws of the nature. It is the inner origin of variation, rules evolutionary processes of…

General Physics · Physics 2007-05-23 Do Minh Chi

High-energy astrophysical events that cause galaxy-scale extinctions have been proposed as a way to explain or mollify the Fermi Paradox, by making the universe at earlier times more dangerous for evolving life, and reducing its present-day…

Popular Physics · Physics 2017-04-14 S. Jay Olson

According to the "hard-steps" model, the origin of humanity required "successful passage through a number of intermediate steps" (so-called "hard" or "critical" steps) that were intrinsically improbable with respect to the total time…

Populations and Evolution · Quantitative Biology 2025-02-18 Daniel B. Mills , Jennifer L. Macalady , Adam Frank , Jason T. Wright

Astrobiology or exobiology is a relatively new area of science that investigates the possibilities of finding life in other places in the universe. This not only includes the exploration of planets near or distant to Earth, but also the…

History and Philosophy of Physics · Physics 2020-10-28 Ximena C. Abrevaya