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This paper summarizes basic properties of PPTs and shows that each PPT belongs to one of six different classes. Mapping an ordered sequence of PPTs into a corresponding sequence of these six classes makes it possible to use them in…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2010-10-01 Subhash Kak

In this paper, we provide properties and applications of some special integer sequences. We generalize and give some properties of Pisano period. Moreover, we provide a new application in Cryptography and applications of some quaternion…

Rings and Algebras · Mathematics 2021-05-19 Cristina Flaut , Diana Savin , Geanina Zaharia

Primitive Pythagorean triples (PPT) may be put into different equivalence classes using residues with respect to primes. We show that the probability that the smaller odd number associated with the PPT triple is divisible by prime p is…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2013-05-09 Subhash Kak

The principal pivot transform (PPT) of a matrix A partitioned relative to an invertible leading principal submatrix is a matrix B such that A [x_1^T x_2^T]^T = [y_1^T y_2^T]^T if and only if B [y_1^T x_2^T]^T = [x_1^T y_2^T]^T, where all…

Rings and Algebras · Mathematics 2007-05-23 Michael Tsatsomeros

Some relations among Pythagorean triples are established. The main tool is a fundamental characterization of the Pythagorean triples through a chatetus which allows to determine relationships with Pythagorean triples having the same…

History and Overview · Mathematics 2023-05-24 Roberto Amato

It is shown that Pythagorean triples can be used to generate matrices that have integer eigenvalues for all permutations of their coefficients, via simple formulas. For example, each and every permutation of the $2\times2$ matrix…

History and Overview · Mathematics 2026-02-24 Michael J. W. Hall

This paper discusses further properties of positive partial transpose matrices, with applications towards hyponormal, semi-hyponormal, and $(\alpha,\beta)$-normal matrices. The obtained results present extensions and improvements of many…

Functional Analysis · Mathematics 2022-12-19 Hamid Reza Moradi , Ibrahim Halil Gümüş , Mohammad Sababheh

This paper investigates prime and co-prime integer matrices and their properties. It characterizes all pairwise co-prime integer matrices that are also prime integer matrices. This provides a simple way to construct families of pairwise…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-07-25 Xiang-Gen Xia , Guangpu Guo

This paper deals with products of moderate-size primes, familiarly known as smooth numbers. Smooth numbers play a crucial role in information theory, signal processing and cryptography. We present various properties of smooth numbers…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2009-01-02 David Naccache , Igor E. Shparlinski

The following article summarizes research where theorems and their respective demonstrations are postulated based on quadratic equations with special properties given by the Pythagorean triplets and the Fibonacci sequence given the second…

General Mathematics · Mathematics 2024-06-03 Pablo José Vega Esparza

It is well-known that pythagorean triples can be represented by points of the unit circle with rational coordinates. These points form an abelian group, and we describe its structure. This structural description yields, almost immediately,…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2022-01-11 Amnon Yekutieli

Primality testing is an especially useful topic for public-key cryptography. In this paper, a novel primality test algorithm based on the Pell's cubic will be introduced, and its necessary primality conditions will be proved using three…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2024-11-05 Luca Di Domenico , Nadir Murru

New formulas for the construction of Pythagorean triples and generalizations to equations of higher powers. Application of formulas to some problems, in particular Fermat's equation with n=4.

History and Overview · Mathematics 2023-10-25 Pavlo Deriy

This paper shows that the six classes of PPTs can be put into two groups. Autocorrelation and cross-correlation functions of the six classes derived from the gaps between each class type have been computed. It is shown that Classes A and D…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2012-11-13 Monisha Prabhu , Subhash Kak

Nowadays, using cryptographic systems play an effective role in security and safety technologies. One of the most applied kind of cryptography is Symmetric Cryptography and its applications. New aspects of symmetric Cryptography…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2009-12-08 Amin Daneshmand Malayeri , Jalal Abdollahi

Given a right triangle and two inscribed squares, we show that the reciprocals of the hypotenuse and the sides of the squares satisfy an interesting Pythagorean equality. This gives new ways to obtain rational(integer)right triangles from a…

History and Overview · Mathematics 2007-05-23 H. Lee Price , Frank R. Bernhart

Motivated by path-integral numerical solutions of diffusion processes, PATHINT, we present a new tree algorithm, PATHTREE, which permits extremely fast accurate computation of probability distributions of a large class of general nonlinear…

Computational Physics · Physics 2009-11-07 L. Ingber , C. Chen , R. P. Mondescu , D. Muzzall , M. Renedo

In this paper we introduce a formula that parameterises the Pythagorean triples as elements of two series. With respect to the standard Euclidean formula, this parameterisation does not generate the Pythagorean triples where the elements of…

History and Overview · Mathematics 2015-04-14 Anthony Overmars , Lorenzo Ntogramatzidis

This paper proposes a new class of random sequences called binary primes tableau (PT) sequences that have potential applications in cryptography and communications. The PT sequence of rank p is obtained from numbers arranged in a tableau…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2017-05-01 Prashanth Busireddygari , Subhash Kak

In this note we present a survey on some classical and modern approaches on Pythagorean triples. Some questions are also posed in direction of some materials under review. In particular some non commutative and operator theoretical…

History and Overview · Mathematics 2024-06-06 Ali Taghavi
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