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The temporal degree-of-freedom of light is incredibly powerful for modern quantum technologies, enabling large-scale quantum computing architectures and record key-rates in quantum key distribution. However, the generalized measurement of…

Scalable quantum computation with linear optics was considered to be impossible due to the lack of efficient two-qubit logic gates, despite its ease of implementation of one-qubit gates. Two-qubit gates necessarily need a nonlinear…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2007-05-23 Jonathan P. Dowling , James D. Franson , Hwang Lee , Gerald J. Milburn

Quantum field theory is completely characterized by the field correlations between spacetime points. In turn, some of these can be accessed by locally coupling to the field simple quantum systems, a.k.a. particle detectors. In this work, we…

Predicting phenomena that mix few-photon quantum optics with strong field nonlinear optics is hindered by the use of separate theoretical formalisms for each regime. We close this gap with a unified effective field theory valid for…

Optics · Physics 2025-12-30 Xiaochen Liu , Ken-Tye Yong

Photo-detection plays a fundamental role in experimental quantum optics and is of particular importance in the emerging field of linear optics quantum computing. Present theoretical treatment of photo-detectors is highly idealized and fails…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2009-11-11 Peter P. Rohde , Timothy C. Ralph

The development of new techniques to improve measurements is crucial for all sciences. By employing quantum systems as sensors to probe some physical property of interest allows the application of quantum resources, such as coherent…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2019-05-15 G. H. Aguilar , M. A. de Souza , R. M. Gomes , J. Thompson , M. Gu , L. C. Céleri , S. P. Walborn

At the fundamental level, quantum communication is ultimately limited by noise. For instance, quantum signals cannot be amplified without the introduction of noise in the amplified states. Furthermore, photon loss reduces the…

We present a theory for Fano interference in light scattering by individual obstacle, based on a temporal coupled-mode formalism. This theory is applicable for obstacles that are much smaller than the incident wavelength, or for systems…

Optics · Physics 2009-11-24 Zhichao Ruan , Shanhui Fan

Time-varying optical materials have attracted recent interest for their potential to enable frequency conversion, nonreciprocal physics, photonic time-crystals, and more. However, the description of time-varying materials has been primarily…

Real-time controls based on quantum measurements are powerful tools for various quantum protocols. However, their experimental realization have been limited by mode-mismatch between temporal mode of quadrature measurement and that heralded…

Interactions between quantum systems enable quantum gates, the building blocks of quantum information processing. In photonics, direct photon-photon interactions are too weak to be practically useful, so effective interactions are…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-11-07 Sören Arlt , Mario Krenn , Xuemei Gu

While quantum mechanics precludes the perfect knowledge of so-called "conjugate" variables, such as time and frequency, we discuss the importance of compromising to retain a fair knowledge of their combined values. In the case of light, we…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2018-02-14 Elena del Valle , Juan Camilo López Carreño , Fabrice P. Laussy

Photon coincidence spectroscopy is a promising technique for probing the nonlinear regime of cavity quantum electrodynamics in the optical domain, however its accuracy is mitigated by two factors: higher-order photon correlations, which…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2009-09-25 L. Horvath , B. C. Sanders

We theoretically demonstrate a counter-intuitive phenomenon in optical interferometry with a thermal source: the emergence of second-order interference between two pairs of correlated optical paths even if the time delay imprinted by each…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2016-04-05 Vincenzo Tamma , Johannes Seiler

Encoding information in the time-frequency domain is demonstrating its potential for quantum information processing. It offers a novel scheme for communications with large alphabets, computing with large quantum systems, and new approaches…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2019-12-02 Ilaria Gianani , Marco Sbroscia , Marco Barbieri

The second-order temporal interference between two independent single-mode continuous-wave lasers is discussed by employing two-photon interference in Feynman's path integral theory. It is concluded that whether the second-order temporal…

Optics · Physics 2016-03-18 Jianbin Liu , Dong Wei , Hui Chen , Yu Zhou , Huaibin Zheng , Hong Gao , Fu-li Li , Zhuo Xu

The optical responses of solids are typically understood to be local in space. Whether locality holds for the optical response of a macroscopic quantum system has, however, been largely unexplored. Here, we use multidimensional coherent…

It was recently shown by Motes, Gilchrist, Dowling & Rohde [PRL 113, 120501 (2014)] that a time-bin encoded fiber-loop architecture can implement an arbitrary passive linear optics transformation. This was shown in the case of an ideal…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2015-11-25 Keith R. Motes , Jonathan P. Dowling , Alexei Gilchrist , Peter P. Rohde

A common challenge in quantum information processing with photons is the limited ability to manipulate and measure correlated states. An example is the inability to measure picosecond scale temporal correlations of a multi-photon state,…

The lack of interactions between single photons prohibits direct nonlinear operations in quantum optical circuits, representing a central obstacle in photonic quantum technologies. Here, we demonstrate multi-mode nonlinear photonic circuits…