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We present a quantum key distribution protocol based on four-level particles entanglement. Furthermore, a controlled quantum key distribution protocol is proposed by utilizing three four-level particles. We show that the two protocols are…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2011-06-07 Tao Yan , Fengli Yan

We demonstrate a multipartite protocol to securely distribute and reconstruct a quantum state. A secret quantum state is encoded into a tripartite entangled state and distributed to three players. Any two of the three players are able to…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2009-11-10 Andrew M. Lance , Thomas Symul , Warwick P. Bowen , Barry C. Sanders , Ping Koy Lam

A quantum key distribution protocol based on entanglement swapping is proposed. Through choosing particles by twos from the sequence and performing Bell measurements, two communicators can detect eavesdropping and obtain the secure key.…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2007-05-23 Fei Gao , Fenzhuo Guo , Qiaoyan Wen , Fuchen Zhu

Multipartite device-independent quantum key distribution (DI-QKD), also known as device-independent conference key agreement, enables more than two remote parties to share a common key with information-theoretic security even without…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-03-03 Makoto Ishihara , Wojciech Roga , Masahiro Takeoka

We propose a schematic setup of quantum key distribution (QKD) with an improved secret key rate based on high-dimensional quantum states. Two degrees-of-freedom of a single photon, orbital angular momentum modes, and multi-path modes, are…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2019-01-29 Yonggi Jo , Hee Su Park , Seung-Woo Lee , Wonmin Son

A general proof of the security against eavesdropping of a previously introduced protocol for two-party quantum key distribution based on entanglement swapping [Phys. Rev. A {\bf 61}, 052312 (2000)] is provided. In addition, the protocol is…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2007-05-23 Adan Cabello

We investigate schemes for quantum secret sharing and quantum dense coding via tripartite entangled states. We present a scheme for sharing classical information via entanglement swapping using two tripartite entangled GHZ states. In order…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2009-11-11 Zheng-Yuan Xue , You-Min Yi , Zhuo-Liang Cao

Quantum secret sharing (QSS) and quantum conference key agreement (QCKA) provide efficient encryption approaches for realizing multi-party secure communication, which are essential components of future quantum networks. We present three…

Optics · Physics 2023-12-14 Shuaishuai Liu , Zhengguo Lu , Pu Wang , Yan Tian , Qing Lu , Xuyang Wang , Yongmin Li

We develop a three-party quantum secret sharing protocol based on arbitrary dimensional quantum states. In contrast to the previous quantum secret sharing protocols, the sender can always control the state, just using local operations, for…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2009-11-13 Dong Pyo Chi , Jeong Woon Choi , Jeong San Kim , Taewan Kim , Soojoon Lee

Recently, Liu W et al. proposed a two-party quantum private comparison (QPC) protocol using entanglement swapping of Bell entangled state (Commun. Theor. Phys. 57(2012)583-588). Subsequently, Liu W J et al. pointed out that in Liu W et…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2022-05-18 Tian-Yu Ye

We present a general technique for hiding a classical bit in multipartite quantum states. The hidden bit, encoded in the choice of one of two possible density operators, cannot be recovered by local operations and classical communication…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2009-11-07 T. Eggeling , R. F. Werner

This article introduces a novel Quantum Secret Sharing scheme with $( k, n )$ threshold and endowed with verification capability. The new protocol exploits the power of entanglement and evolves in three phases. The primary novelty of the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-03-14 Theodore Andronikos

We consider the problem of secure key distribution among $n$ trustful agents: the goal is to distribute an identical random bit-string among the $n$ agents over a noisy channel such that eavesdroppers learn little about it. We study the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2007-05-23 Sudhir Kumar Singh , R. Srikanth

In search of a quantum key distribution scheme that could stand up for more drastic eavesdropping attack, I discover a prepare-and-measure scheme using $N$-dimensional quantum particles as information carriers where $N$ is a prime power.…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2007-05-23 H. F. Chau

Recently, an information theoretical model for Quantum Secret Sharing (QSS) schemes was introduced. By using this model, we prove that pure state Quantum Threshold Schemes (QTS) can be constructed from quantum MDS codes and vice versa. In…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2018-02-13 Karin Rietjens , Berry Schoenmakers , Pim Tuyls

Two schemes for sharing an arbitrary two-qubit state based on entanglement swapping are proposed with Bell-state measurements and local unitary operations. One is based on the quantum channel with four Einstein-Podolsky-Rosen (EPR) pairs…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2009-11-11 Fu-Guo Deng , Xi-Han Li , Chun-Yan Li , Ping Zhou , Hong-Yu Zhou

Quantum correlation between two particles and among three particles show nonclassic properties that can be used for providing secure transmission of information. In this paper, we propose two quantum key distribution schemes for quantum…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2007-05-23 Guihua Zeng , Zhongyang Wang , Xinmei Wang

In this paper, we present an (n, n) threshold quantum secret sharing scheme of secure direct communication using Greenberger-Horne-Zeilinger state. The present scheme is efficient in that all the Greenberger-Horne-Zeilinger states used in…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2008-01-02 Jian Wang , Quan Zhang , Chao-jing Tang

We propose a quantum secret sharing protocol between multi-party ($m$ members in group 1) and multi-party ($n$ members in group 2) using a sequence of single photons. These single photons are used directly to encode classical information in…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2007-05-23 Feng-Li Yan , Ting Gao

We consider the discrimination of two-party quantum states and provide a quantum data-hiding scheme using two-qubit separable states. We first provide a bound on the optimal local discrimination of two-party quantum states, and establish a…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-12-18 Donghoon Ha , Jeong San Kim
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