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Related papers: Extremely metal-poor stars in SDSS fields

200 papers

Population III stars, the hypothetical first generation metal-free stars, have yet to be discovered. Even after three years of successful JWST operations, studies have shown that most galaxies identified to date at $z > 5$ exhibit a…

We search for local extremely metal-poor galaxies (EMPGs), selecting photometric candidates by broadband color excess and machine-learning techniques with the SDSS photometric data. After removing stellar contaminants by shallow…

Metal-poor (MP) stars are important targets for investigating the chemical evolution of the early universe. Among them, Carbon-Enhanced Metal-Poor (CEMP) stars have attracted extensive attention due to their rarity and astrophysical…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2026-03-26 Xianqi Liu , Xiangru Li , Ziyu Fang

Our current understanding of the chemical evolution of the Universe is that a first generation of stars was formed out of primordial material, completely devoid of metals (Pop III stars). This first population of stars comprised massive…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2019-03-15 P. Bonifacio , E. Caffau , M. Spite

We apply the stellar locus method to synthetic $(BP-RP)_{XPSP}$ and $(BP-G)_{XPSP}$ colors derived from corrected Gaia BP/RP (XP) spectra to obtain precise estimates of metallicity for about 100 million stars in the Milky Way (34 million…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2025-02-04 Bowen Huang , Haibo Yuan , Shuai Xu , Kai Xiao , Maosheng Xiang , Yang Huang , Timothy C. Beers

We explored the regions within a radius of 25 arcsec around 473 nearby, low-metallicity G- to M-type stars using (VR)I optical filters and small-aperture telescopes. About 10% of the sample was searched up to angular separations of 90…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-11-10 M. R. Zapatero Osorio , E. L. Martin

We describe a new method to search for metal-poor candidates from the Hamburg/ESO objective-prism survey (HES) based on identifying stars with apparently strong CH G-band strengths for their colors. The hypothesis we exploit is that large…

One of the primary outstanding questions in extragalactic astronomy is the formation and early evolution of the supermassive black holes that are seen in nearly every massive galaxy. Low metallicity dwarf galaxies may offer the most…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2023-10-05 Jenna M. Cann , Kimberly A. Weaver , Ryan W. Pfeifle , Nathan J. Secrest , Shobita Satyapal , Mario Gliozzi

With the dual aims of enlarging the list of extremely metal-poor stars identified in the Galaxy, and boosting the numbers of moderately metal-deficient stars in directions that sample the rotational properties of the thick disk, we have…

We present the metallicities and carbon abundances of four newly discovered metal-poor stars with $ -2.2 <$ [Fe/H] $< -1.6$ in the Sagittarius dwarf spheroidal galaxy. These stars were selected as metal-poor member candidates using a…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2019-05-01 Anirudh Chiti , Anna Frebel

Metal-poor stars enriched by a single supernova (mono-enriched stars) are direct proof (and provide valuable probes) of supernova nucleosynthesis. Photometric and spectroscopic observations have shown that metal-poor stars have a wide…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2025-01-29 Yutaka Hirai , Takayuki R. Saitoh , Michiko S. Fujii , Katsuhiro Kaneko , Timothy C. Beers

The Milky Way's metal-poor stars are nearby ancient objects that are used to study early chemical evolution and the assembly and structure of the Milky Way. Here we present reliable metallicities of $\sim280,000$ stars with $-3.75 \lesssim$…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2021-06-09 Anirudh Chiti , Anna Frebel , Mohammad K. Mardini , Tatsuya W. Daniel , Xiaowei Ou , Anastasiia V. Uvarova

This work presents the medium-resolution ($R \sim 1,500$) spectroscopic follow-up of 522 low-metallicity star candidates from the Southern Photometric Local Universe Survey (S-PLUS). The objects were selected from narrow-band photometry,…

The early chemical evolution of the Galaxy and the Universe is vital to our understanding of a host of astrophysical phenomena. Since the most metal-poor Galactic stars (with metallicities down to [Fe/H]\sim-5.5) are relics from the…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2015-05-30 Anna Frebel

Metal-poor stars are important tools for tracing the early history of the Milky Way, and for learning about the first generations of stars. Simulations suggest that the oldest metal-poor stars are to be found in the inner Galaxy. Typical…

Carbon-enhanced metal-poor (CEMP) stars span a wide range of stellar populations, from bona fide second-generation stars to later forming stars that provide excellent probes of, e.g., binary mass transfer. Here we analyse 11 metal-poor…

Observations of individual massive stars, super-luminous supernovae, gamma-ray bursts, and gravitational-wave events involving spectacular black-hole mergers, indicate that the low-metallicity Universe is fundamentally different from our…

We present the analysis of four new extremely metal poor turn-off stars thanks to high-resolution spectra obtained with the Subaru/HDS spectrograph. We determined the abundances and upper limits of Li, C, Mg, Ca, Sr, and Ba. Metallicities…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2025-07-01 Takuma Suda , Patrick Francois , Shinya Wanajo , Elisabetta Caffau , Wako Aoki , Piercarlo Bonifacio

We report abundance analyses of three extremely metal-poor stars with [Fe/H] $\lesssim -3$, using the Subaru High Dispersion Spectrograph (HDS). All are found to have sub-solar values of [Eu/Fe]. Comparison with our chemical evolution model…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-11-10 Yuhri Ishimaru , Shinya Wanajo , Wako Aoki , Sean G. Ryan