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Quantum key distribution provides a promising solution for sharing secure keys between two distant parties with unconditional security. Nevertheless, quantum key distribution is still severely threatened by the imperfections of devices. In…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-08-22 Shan-Feng Shao , Xiao-Yu Cao , Yuan-Mei Xie , Jie Gu , Wen-Bo Liu , Yao Fu , Hua-Lei Yin , Zeng-Bing Chen

The four-state continuous-variable quantum key distribution (CVQKD) protocol has a long practical secure distance \cite{Leverrier_PRL_2009}, while it has the difficulty of parameter estimation. We propose an improved four-state protocol,…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2015-06-04 Jian Yang , Bingjie Xu , Xiang Peng , Hong Guo

Continuous-variable quantum key distribution holds the potential to generate high secret key rates, making it a prime candidate for high-rate metropolitan quantum network applications. However, despite these promising opportunities, the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-03-20 Mingze Wu , Yan Pan , Junhui Li , Heng Wang , Lu Fan , Yun Shao , Yang Li , Wei Huang , Song Yu , Bingjie Xu , Yichen Zhang

Decoy-state quantum key distribution (QKD) is undoubtedly the most efficient solution to handle multi-photon signals emitted by laser sources, and provides the same secret key rate scaling as ideal single-photon sources. It requires,…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-12-22 Xoel Sixto , Guillermo Currás-Lorenzo , Kiyoshi Tamaki , Marcos Curty

Continuous variable (CV) quantum key distribution (QKD) provides a powerful setting for secure quantum communications, thanks to the use of room-temperature off-the-shelf optical devices and the potential to reach much higher rates than the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2022-03-03 Stefano Pirandola

Here we report the performance of a discrete modulated Continuous Variable Quantum Key Distribution protocol based on eight and sixteen state optimal Amplitude Phase Keying constellations with pure loss quantum channel transmission. Our…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2022-04-20 Micael Andrade Dias , Francisco Marcos de Assis

Quantum key distribution (QKD) provides a theoretically secure method for cryptographic key exchange by leveraging quantum mechanics, but practical implementations face vulnerabilities such as Trojan horse attack on phase modulators. This…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-03-03 Aleksei Reutov

The coherent one-way (COW) quantum key distribution (QKD) is a highly practical quantum communication protocol that is currently deployed in off-the-shelves products. However, despite its simplicity and widespread use, the security of…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2022-12-26 Emilien Lavie , Charles C. -W. Lim

Quantum key distribution (QKD) allows for secure communications safe against attacks by quantum computers. QKD protocols are performed by sending a sizeable, but finite, number of quantum signals between the distant parties involved. Many…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2021-01-05 Darius Bunandar , Luke C. G. Govia , Hari Krovi , Dirk R. Englund

Quantum key distribution (QKD) is an attractive technology for distributing secret encryption keys between distant users. The decoy-state technique has drastically improved its practicality and performance, and has been widely adopted in…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-05-09 Yuanfei Gao , Zhiliang Yuan

We present a finite-size security proof for generic quantum key distribution protocols against independent and identically distributed collective attacks and extend it to coherent attacks using the postselection technique. This work…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-02-11 Lars Kamin , Devashish Tupkary , Norbert Lütkenhaus

We consider the security of continuous-variable quantum key distribution using thermal (or noisy) Gaussian resource states. Specifically, we analyze this against collective Gaussian attacks using direct and reverse reconciliation where both…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2013-04-17 Christian Weedbrook , Stefano Pirandola , Timothy C. Ralph

In contrast to classical public-key cryptosystems, where the security of encoded messages relies on on computational assumptions, Quantum Key Distribution (QKD) enables two distant parties to establish a shared secret key that, when…

We investigate the security of continuous-variable (CV) quantum key distribution (QKD) using coherent states in the presence of quadrature excess noise. We consider an eavesdropping attack which uses a linear amplifier and beam splitter.…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2009-11-11 Ryo Namiki , Takuya Hirano

The security of measurement device-independent quantum key distribution (MDI QKD) relies on a thorough characterization of one's optical source output, especially any noise in the state preparation process. Here, we provide an extension of…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2021-01-04 J. Eli Bourassa , Ignatius William Primaatmaja , Charles Ci Wen Lim , Hoi-Kwong Lo

We present a discretely modulated continuous-variable quantum key distribution system in free space by using strong coherent states. The amplitude noise in the laser source is suppressed to the shot-noise limit by using a mode cleaner…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2015-05-18 Yong Shen , Hongxin Zou , Liang Tian , Pingxing Chen , Jianmin Yuan

Nowadays, quantum communications provide a vast field of research in rapid expansion, with a huge potential impact on the future developments of quantum technologies. In particular, continuous variable systems, employing coherent-state…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-05-20 Michele N. Notarnicola

Quantum key distribution (QKD) is known to be unconditionally secure in principle, but quantifying the security of QKD protocols from a practical standpoint continues to remain an important challenge. Here, we focus on phase-based QKD…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-03-13 Valliamai Ramanathan , Anil Prabhakar , Prabha Mandayam

Continuous-variable quantum key distribution (CVQKD) offers the specific advantage of sharing keys remotely by the use of standard telecom components, thereby promoting cost-effective and high-performance metropolitan applications.…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-03-30 Ziyang Chen , Xiangyu Wang , Song Yu , Zhengyu Li , Hong Guo

We investigate the main limitations which prevent the continuous-variable quantum key distribution protocols from achieving long distances in the finite-size setting. We propose a double-modulation protocol which allows using each state for…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2014-12-22 László Ruppert , Vladyslav C. Usenko , Radim Filip