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A fundamental issue in star formation is understanding the precise mechanisms leading to the formation of prestellar cores, and their subsequent gravitationally unstable evolution. To address this question, we carefully construct a suite of…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2025-05-13 Sanghyuk Moon , Eve C. Ostriker

We investigate prestellar core formation and accretion based on three-dimensional hydrodynamic simulations. Our simulations represent local $\sim 1$pc regions within giant molecular clouds where a supersonic turbulent flow converges,…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2015-06-10 Munan Gong , Eve C. Ostriker

We present a unified model for molecular core formation and evolution, based on numerical simulations of converging, supersonic flows. Our model applies to star formation in GMCs dominated by large-scale turbulence, and contains four main…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2009-06-25 Hao Gong , Eve C. Ostriker

A fraction of the dense cores within a turbulent molecular cloud will eventually collapse to form stars. Identifying the physical criteria for instability and analyzing critical core properties is therefore necessary to star formation…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2025-07-16 Sanghyuk Moon , Eve C. Ostriker

We study the formation, evolution and collapse of dense cores by tracking structures in a magnetohydrodynamic simulation of a star-forming cloud. We identify cores using the dendrogram algorithm and utilize machine learning techniques,…

In this study we investigate the formation and properties of prestellar and protostellar cores using hydrodynamic, self-gravitating Adaptive Mesh Refinement simulations, comparing the cases where turbulence is continually driven and where…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-11-13 S. S. R. Offner , M. R. Krumholz , R. I. Klein , C. F. McKee

We investigate protostellar collapse of molecular cloud cores by numerical simulations, taking into account turbulence and magnetic fields. By using the adaptive mesh refinement technique, the collapse is followed over a wide dynamic range…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2015-05-19 Tomoaki Matsumoto , Tomoyuki Hanawa

We analyze an ensemble of simulated prestellar cores to facilitate interpretation of structure, kinematics, and lifetime of observed cores. While our theory predicts a "characteristic" density for star formation, it also predicts that the…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2025-09-10 Sanghyuk Moon , Eve C. Ostriker

To understand the formation of stars from clouds of molecular gas, one essentially needs to know two things: What gas collapses, and how long it takes to do so. We address these questions by embedding pseudo-Lagrangian tracer particles in…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2022-10-12 David C. Collins , Dan K. Le , Luz L. Jimenez Vela

Star formation is intimately linked to the dynamical evolution of molecular clouds. Turbulent fragmentation determines where and when protostellar cores form, and how they contract and grow in mass via accretion from the surrounding cloud…

Astrophysics · Physics 2007-05-23 Ralf Klessen

(Abridged) We present numerical hydrodynamical simulations of the formation, evolution and gravitational collapse of isothermal molecular cloud cores. A compressive wave is set up in a constant sub-Jeans density distribution of radius r = 1…

We present numerical simulations of the evolution of low-mass, isothermal, molecular cores which are subjected to an increase in external pressure $P\xt$. If $P\xt$ increases very slowly, the core approaches instability quite…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-11-07 P. Hennebelle , A. P. Whitworth , P. P. Gladwin , Ph. Andre

We employ the three-dimensional magnetohydrodynamic simulation including ambipolar diffusion to study the gravitationally-driven fragmentation of subcritical molecular clouds, in which the gravitational fragmentation is stabilized as long…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2015-05-20 Takahiro Kudoh , Shantanu Basu

In this study, the main goal is to understand the molecular cloud core collapse through the stages of first and second hydrostatic core formation. We investigate the properties of Larson's first and second cores following the evolution of…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2018-10-24 Asmita Bhandare , Rolf Kuiper , Thomas Henning , Christian Fendt , Gabriel-Dominique Marleau , Anders Kölligan

Super-sonic turbulence fragments molecular clouds (MC) into a very complex density field with density contrasts of several orders of magnitude. A fraction of the gas is locked into dense and gravitationally bound cores, which collapse as…

Astrophysics · Physics 2007-05-23 Paolo Padoan , AAke Nordlund , Ornolfur Einar Rognvaldsson , Alyssa Goodman

Star formation begins with the gravitational collapse of a dense core inside a molecular cloud. As the collapse progresses, the centre of the core begins to heat up as it becomes optically thick. The temperature and density in the centre…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2015-06-16 N. Vaytet , G. Chabrier , E. Audit , B. Commercon , J. Masson , J. Ferguson , F. Delahaye

We present a detailed computational study of the assembly of protostellar disks and massive stars in molecular clouds with supersonic turbulence. We follow the evolution of large scale filamentary structures in a cluster-forming clump down…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-11-11 Robi Banerjee , Ralph E. Pudritz , Dave W. Anderson

We report results from radiation hydrodynamical simulations of the collapse of molecular cloud cores to form protostars. The calculations follow the formation and evolution of the first hydrostatic core/disc, the collapse to form a stellar…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2015-05-30 Matthew R. Bate

Dense core collisions, previously regarded as minor in star formation, are proposed to play a significant role in structure formation around protostellar envelopes and binary formation. Using archival data of nearby star-forming regions, we…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2024-02-20 Yuta Yano , Fumitaka Nakamura , Shinichi W. Kinoshita

We present the results of a series of numerical simulations of compressible, self-gravitating hydrodynamic turbulence of cluster-forming clumps in molecular clouds. We examine the role that turbulence has in the formation of gravitationally…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-11-10 David A. Tilley , Ralph E. Pudritz
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