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Unlike digital computers, the brain exhibits spontaneous activity even during complete rest, despite the evolutionary pressure for energy efficiency. Inspired by the critical brain hypothesis, which proposes that the brain operates…

We investigate spontaneous critical dynamics of excitatory and inhibitory (EI) sparsely connected populations of spiking leaky integrate-and-fire neurons with conductance-based synapses. We use a bottom-up approach to derive a single neuron…

In spiking neural networks an action potential could in principle trigger subsequent spikes in the neighbourhood of the initial neuron. A successful spike is that which trigger subsequent spikes giving rise to cascading behaviour within the…

While information processing in complex systems can be described in abstract, general terms, there are cases in which the relation between these computations and the physical substrate of the underlying system is itself of interest.…

Slowly driven dissipative systems may evolve to a critical state where long periods of apparent equilibrium are punctuated by intermittent avalanches of activity. We present a self-organized critical model of punctuated equilibrium behavior…

Converging research suggests that the resting brain operates at the cusp of dynamic instability signified by scale-free temporal correlations. We asked if the scaling properties of these correlations differ between amplitude and phase…

Recent physiological measurements have provided clear evidence about scale-free avalanche brain activity and EEG spectra, feeding the classical enigma of how such a chaotic system can ever learn or respond in a controlled and reproducible…

Abrupt shifts in ecosystems, brains, markets, and climate are often diagnosed as signs of approaching a tipping point, i.e. a critical bifurcation where stability is lost. Here we reveal a broader and more deceptive mechanism:…

Critical dynamics of cortical neurons have been intensively studied over the past decade. Neuronal avalanches provide the main experimental as well as theoretical tools to consider criticality in such systems. Experimental studies show that…

Spiking Neural Network (SNN) is considered more biologically realistic and power-efficient as it imitates the fundamental mechanism of the human brain. Recently, backpropagation (BP) based SNN learning algorithms that utilize deep learning…

The model of the current paper is an extension of a previous publication, wherein we used the leaky integrate-and-fire model on a regular lattice with periodic boundary conditions, and introduced the temporal complexity as a genuine…

Synchrony is inevitable in many oscillating systems -- from the canonical alignment of two ticking grandfather clocks, to the mutual entrainment of beating flagella or spiking neurons. Yet both biological and manmade systems provide…

Scale-invariant avalanches -- with events of all sizes following power-law distributions -- are considered critical. Above the upper critical dimension of four, the mean-field solution with a robust $3/2$ size exponent describes the…

We study the scaling properties of avalanche activity in the two-dimensional Abelian sandpile model. Instead of the conventional avalanche size distribution, we analyze the site activity distribution, which measures how often a site…

The critical brain hypothesis posits that neural circuitry operates near criticality to reap the computational benefits of accessing a wide range of timescales. The theory of critical phenomena generally predicts heavy-tailed (power-law)…

Allometric scaling laws, such as Kleiber's law for metabolic rate, highlight how efficiency emerges with size across living systems. The brain, with its characteristic sublinear scaling of activity, has long posed a puzzle: why do larger…

The observation of critical-like behavior in cortical networks represents a major step forward in elucidating how the brain manages information. Understanding the origin and functionality of critical-like dynamics, as well as their…

Epileptic seizures are characterized by abnormal and excessive neural activity, where cortical network dynamics seem to become unstable. However, most of the time, during seizure-free periods, cortex of epilepsy patients shows perfectly…

This Thesis explores how tools from Statistical Physics and Information Theory can help us describe and understand complex systems. In the first part, we study the interplay between internal interactions, environmental changes, and…

Local anaxonic neurons with graded potential release are important ingredients of nervous systems, present in the olfactory bulb system of mammalians, in the human visual system, as well as in arthropods and nematodes. We develop a neuronal…