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Random key graphs represent topologies of secure wireless sensor networks that apply the seminal Eschenauer-Gligor random key predistribution scheme to secure communication between sensors. These graphs have received much attention and also…

Physics and Society · Physics 2015-02-03 Jun Zhao , Osman Yağan , Virgil Gligor

Minimal prime graphs are connected graphs on at least two vertices whose complements satisfy the following conditions: triangle-freeness, 3-colorability, and edge-maximality with respect to the latter two properties. These graphs are prime…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2025-12-19 Bryan Alvarez , Micah Dorton , Thomas Michael Keller , Lawrence Liu , Evan Zhang

A graph in a certain graph class is called minimizing if the least eigenvalue of the adjacency matrix of the graph attains the minimum among all graphs in that class. Bell {\it et al.} have characterized the minimizing graphs in the class…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2013-05-21 Yi Wang , Yi-Zheng Fan , Xiao-Xin Li , Fei-Fei Zhang

The $\ell$-component connectivity (or $\ell$-connectivity for short) of a graph $G$, denoted by $\kappa_\ell(G)$, is the minimum number of vertices whose removal from $G$ results in a disconnected graph with at least $\ell$ components or a…

Discrete Mathematics · Computer Science 2021-05-25 Jou-Ming Chang , Kung-Jui Pai , Ro-Yu Wu , Jinn-Shyong Yang

It is very well-known that there are precisely two minimal non-planar graphs: $K_5$ and $K_{3,3}$ (degree 2 vertices being irrelevant in this context). In the language of crossing numbers, these are the only 1-crossing-critical graphs: they…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2013-12-16 Drago Bokal , Bogdan Oporowski , R. Bruce Richter , Gelasio Salazar

A graph $G$ is minimally $t$-tough if the toughness of $G$ is $t$ and the deletion of any edge from $G$ decreases the toughness. Kriesell conjectured that for every minimally $1$-tough graph the minimum degree $\delta(G)=2$. We show that in…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2022-09-02 Gyula Y. Katona , Dániel Soltész , Kitti Varga

A connected $k$-chromatic graph $G$ is double-critical if for all edges $uv$ of $G$ the graph $G - u - v$ is $(k-2)$-colourable. The only known double-critical $k$-chromatic graph is the complete $k$-graph $K_k$. The conjecture that there…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2008-10-20 Ken-ichi Kawarabayashi , Anders Sune Pedersen , Bjarne Toft

Let $G$ be a contraction critically quasi $5$-connected graph on at least $14$ vertices. If there is a vertex $x\in V_{4}(G)$ such that $G[N_{G}(x)]\cong K_{1,3}$ or $G[N_{G}(x)]\cong C_{4}$, then $G$ has a quasi $5$-contractible subgraph…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2022-07-27 Shuai Kou , Chengfu Qin , Weihua Yang

In this paper, we show that the edge connectivity of a distance-regular digraph $\Gamma$ with valency $k$ is $k$ and for $k>2$, any minimum edge cut of $\Gamma$ is the set of all edges going into (or coming out of) a single vertex. Moreover…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2017-02-07 S. Ashkboos , G. R. Omidi , F. Shafiei , K. Tajbakhsh

A connected $k$-chromatic graph $G$ with $k \geq 3$ is said to be triangle-critical, if every edge of $G$ is contained in an induced triangle of $G$ and the removal of any triangle from $G$ decreases the chromatic number of $G$ by three. B.…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2008-02-26 Anders Sune Pedersen

Every large $k$-connected graph-minor induces a $k$-tangle in its ambient graph. The converse holds for $k\le 3$, but fails for $k\ge 4$. This raises the question whether `$k$-connected' can be relaxed to obtain a characterisation of…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2025-06-09 Johannes Carmesin , Jan Kurkofka

The concept of generalized $k$-connectivity $\kappa_{k}(G)$ of a graph $G$ was introduced by Chartrand et al. in recent years. In our early paper, extremal theory for this graph parameter was started. We determined the minimal number of…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2011-06-23 Shasha Li , Xueliang Li , Yongtang Shi

The vertex connectivity of a graph $G$ is the size of the smallest set of vertices $S$ such that $G \setminus S$ is disconnected. For the class of planar graphs, the problem of vertex connectivity is well-studied, both from structural and…

Computational Geometry · Computer Science 2025-06-03 Therese Biedl , Karthik Murali

A graph is trivial if it contains one vertex and no edges. The essential connectivity $\kappa^{\prime}$ of $G$ is defined to be the minimum number of vertices of $G$ whose removal produces a disconnected graph with at least two non-trivial…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2024-06-26 Wenxiu Ding , Dan Li , Yu Wang , Jixiang Meng

We show that the class of multigraphs with at most $p$ connected components and bonds of size at most $k$ is well-quasi-ordered by edge contraction for all positive integers $p,k$. (A bond is a minimal non-empty edge cut.) We also…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2017-11-23 Marcin Kamiński , Jean-Florent Raymond , Théophile Trunck

A vertex of degree one is called an end-vertex, and an end-vertex of a tree is called a leaf. A tree with at most $k$ leaves is called a $k$-ended tree. For a positive integer $k$, let $t_k$ be the order of a largest $k$-ended tree. Let…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2015-03-26 Zh. G. Nikoghosyan

A k-ranking of a graph G is a labeling of the vertices of G with values from 1,...,k such that any path joining two vertices with the same label contains a vertex having a higher label. The tree-depth of G is the smallest value of k for…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2016-04-05 Michael D. Barrus , John Sinkovic

Given an undirected simple graph, a subset of the vertices of the graph is a {\em dominating set} if every vertex not in the subset is adjacent to at least one vertex in the subset. A subset of the vertices of the graph is a {\em connected…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2021-09-30 Masahisa Goto , Koji M. Kobayashi

Let $G$ be a nontrivial connected graph of order $n$, and $k$ an integer with $2\leq k\leq n$. For a set $S$ of $k$ vertices of $G$, let $\kappa (S)$ denote the maximum number $\ell$ of edge-disjoint trees $T_1,T_2,...,T_\ell$ in $G$ such…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2010-12-30 Shasha Li , Wei Li , Xueliang Li

For a multigraph $H$, a graph $G$ is $H$-linked if every injective mapping $\phi: V(H)\to V(G)$ can be extended to an $H$-subdivision in $G$. We study the minimum connectivity required for a graph to be $H$-linked. A $k$-fat-triangle $F_k$…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2019-06-24 Runrun Liu , Martin Rolek , Gexin Yu