Related papers: Baryon stopping as a signal of the mixed phase ons…
Baryon quantum number is believed to be conserved since baryogenesis in the early Universe. While fractionally charged valence quarks are understood conventionally to each carry a baryon number of 1/3, the baryon junction, a…
Baryon fluctuations exceeding Poisson expectations can signal a nearly first order phase transition at RHIC. We show how these fluctuations can be measured, and apply a dissipative-hydrodynamic formulation used in condensed matter physics…
The region of large net-baryon densities in the QCD phase diagram is expected to exhibit a first-order phase transition. Experimentally, its study will be one of the primaryobjectives for the upcoming FAIR accelerator. We model the…
We consider how the occurrence of first-order phase transitions in non-constant pressure differs from those at constant pressure. The former has shown the non-linear phase structure of mixed matter, which implies a particle number…
Baryon numbers are carried by valence quarks in the standard QCD picture of the baryon structure, while some theory proposed an alternative baryon number carrier, a non-perturbative Y-shaped configuration of the gluon field, called the…
A new striking feature of hadron production in nuclear collisions is the large stopping of the participating nucleons in hadron-nucleus and nucleus-nucleus collisions. This enhanced baryon stopping can be understood introducing new diquark…
Baryon number cumulants are invaluable tools to diagnose the primordial stage of heavy ion collisions if they can be measured. In experiments, however, proton number cumulants have been measured as substitutes. In fact, proton number…
Analysis of directed flow ($v_1$) of protons, antiprotons and pions in heavy-ion collisions is performed in the range of incident energies $\sqrt{s_{NN}}$ = 2.7--27 GeV. Simulations have been done within a three-fluid model employing a…
The nuclear equation of state (EoS) is investigated by flow phenomena in relativistic heavy-ion collisions, both in transverse and radial direction, in comparison to experimental data from 150 A MeV to 11 A GeV. To this aim the collective…
Particle production in relativistic collisions of heavy nuclei is analyzed in a wide range of incident energies 2.7 GeV $\le \sqrt{s_{NN}}\le$ 62.4 GeV. The analysis is performed within the three-fluid model employing three different…
Using the most advanced model of the hadron resonance gas we reveal, at chemical freeze-out, remarkable irregularities such as an abrupt change of the effective number of degrees of freedom and plateaus in the collision-energy dependence of…
Analysis of elliptic flow of protons and antiprotons in Au+Au collisions is performed in a wide range of incident energies $\sqrt{s_{NN}}$ = 7.7--62.4 GeV. Simulations has been done within the three-fluid model employing a purely hadronic…
Recent results from the H1 experiment [1] have confirmed the existence of a substantial baryon asymmetry of the proton sea at small $x$ with magnitude predicted in hep-ph/9607486. This is a strong support for the idea [3] that baryon number…
Recent experimental observations on the `bulk' features of particle production at high (pseudo)rapidities will be reviewed. This kinematic region is of interest mostly because of its relevance to the theoretical description of initial state…
Using a (3+1)-dimensional hybrid framework with parametric initial conditions, we study the rapidity-dependent directed flow $v_1(y)$ of identified particles, including pions, kaons, protons, and lambdas in heavy-ion collisions. Cases…
The collective motion of nucleons from high-energy heavy-ion collisions is analyzed within a relativistic two-fluid model for different equations of state (EoS). As function of beam energy the theoretical slope parameter F_y of the…
The stopping of baryons in heavy ion collisions at beam momenta of $p_{\rm lab} = 20-160A$ GeV is lacking a quantitative description within theoretical calculations. Heavy ion reactions at these energies are experimentally explored at the…
Equation of State (EoS) for hot and dense nuclear matter with a quark-hadron phase transition is constructed within a statistical mixed-phase model assuming coexistence of unbound quarks in nuclear surrounding. This model predicts the…
In the vicinity of the quark-hadron critical point, in the phase diagram of QCD, simple power-law relations constrain the mid-rapidity net-baryon density profile, for different heavy-ion processes, in a unifying scheme. The corresponding…
The transverse-momentum integrated elliptic flow of charged particles at midrapidity, $v_2$(charged), and that of identified hadrons from Au+Au collisions are computed in a wide range of incident energies 2.7 GeV $\le \sqrt{s_{NN}}\le$ 39…