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VLBI astrometry allows coordinates of celestial radio sources to be determined with submilliarcsecond accuracy. In particular, with differential VLBI astrometry, the standard errors of relative positions and proper motions can be as small…

Astrophysics · Physics 2007-05-23 Norbert Bartel

The Gaia celestial reference frame (Gaia-CRF) will benefit from a close assessment with independent methods, such as Very Long Baseline Interferometry (VLBI) measurements of radio stars at bright magnitudes. However, obtaining full…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2024-03-27 Jingdong Zhang , Bo Zhang , Shuangjing Xu , Niu Liu , Wen Chen , Hao Ding , Pengfei Jiang , Yan Sun , Jinqing Wang , Lang Cui , Shiming Wen , Xiaofeng Mai , Jinling Li , Fengchun Shu , Yidan Huang

Optical Very Long Baseline Interferometry (VLBI) offers the potential for unprecedented angular resolution in both astronomical imaging and precision measurements. Classical approaches, however, face significant limitations due to photon…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-12-24 Zixin Huang , Oleg Titov , Mikolaj K. Schmidt , Benjamin Pope , Gavin K. Brennen , Daniel Oi , Pieter Kok

Simultaneous observations at multiple frequency bands have the potential to overcome the fundamental limitation imposed by the atmospheric propagation in mm-VLBI observations. The propagation effects place a severe limit in the sensitivity…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2015-12-23 Maria J. Rioja , Richard Dodson , Taehyun Jung , Bong Won Sohn

Very long baseline interferometry (VLBI) enables high-angular-resolution observations in astronomy and geodesy by synthesizing a virtual telescope with baselines spanning hundreds to thousands of kilometres. Achieving high instrumental…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2026-05-28 Minji Hyun , Changmin Ahn , Junyong Choi , Jihoon Baek , Woosong Jeong , Do-Heung Je , Do-Young Byun , Jan Wagner , Myoung-Sun Heo , Taehyun Jung , Jungwon Kim

We present the design and implementation of an automated data calibration and reduction pipeline for very-long-baseline interferometric (VLBI) observations taken at millimeter wavelengths. These short radio-wavelengths provide the best…

The calibration and analysis of polarization observations in Very Long Baseline Interferometry (VLBI) requires the use of specific algorithms that suffer from several limitations, closely related to assumptions in the data properties that…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2021-02-10 Ivan Marti-Vidal , Alejandro Mus , Michael Janssen , Pablo de Vicente , Javier Gonzalez

Astrometric accuracy of complex modern VLBI arrays cannot be calculated analytically. We study the astrometric accuracy of phase-referenced VLBI observations for the VLBA, EVN and global VLBI array by simulating VLBI data for targets at…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-11-11 N. Pradel , P. Charlot , J. -F. Lestrade

This paper presents the third extension to the Very Large Baseline Array (VLBA) Calibrator Survey, containing 360 new sources not previously observed with very long baseline interferometry (VLBI). The survey, based on three 24 hour VLBA…

Astrophysics · Physics 2011-07-18 L. Petrov , Y. Y. Kovalev , E. Fomalont , D. Gordon

We propose a probabilistic framework for performing simultaneous estimation of source structure and fringe-fitting parameters in Very Long Baseline Interferometry (VLBI) observations. As a first step, we demonstrate this technique through…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2020-06-10 Iniyan Natarajan , Roger Deane , Ilse van Bemmel , Huib Jan van Langevelde , Des Small , Mark Kettenis , Zsolt Paragi , Oleg Smirnov , Arpad Szomoru

Very long baseline interferometry (VLBI) provides the highest-resolution images in astronomy. The sharpest resolution is nominally achieved at the highest frequencies, but as the observing frequency increases so too does the atmospheric…

We demonstrate that at 1.4 GHz the combined response of sources detected serendipitously in deep, wide-field VLBI images is sufficient to permit self-calibration techniques to be employed. This technique of "full-beam" VLBI self-calibration…

Astrophysics · Physics 2007-05-23 M. A. Garrett , J. M. Wrobel , R. Morganti

This paper presents the fifth part of the Very Long Baseline Array (VLBA) Calibrator Survey (VCS), containing 569 sources not observed previously with very long baseline interferometry in geodetic or absolute astrometry programs. This…

Astrophysics · Physics 2008-11-26 Y. Y. Kovalev , L. Petrov , E. B. Fomalont , D. Gordon

The recent development of a relatively inexpensive 16-Gbps data-recording system based on commercial off-the-shelf technology and open-source software, along with parallel development in broadband Very Long Baseline Interferometry (VLBI)…

Extension of very long baseline interferometry (VLBI) to observing wavelengths shorter than 1.3mm provides exceptional angular resolution (~20 micro arcsec) and access to new spectral regimes for the study of astrophysical phenomena. To…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2011-06-02 Sheperd Doeleman , Tao Mai , Alan Rogers , John Hartnett , Michael Tobar , Nitin Nand

The high angular resolution and sensitivity of Very Long Baseline Interferometry (VLBI) offer a unique tool to identify and study active galactic nuclei and star-formation activity over cosmic time. However, despite recent technical…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2024-12-05 Célestin Herbé-George , J. P. Mckean , Raffaella Morganti , Jack F. Radcliffe

We present in this paper accurate positions of 857 sources derived from the astrometric analysis of 16 eleven-hour experiments from the Very Long Baseline Array imaging and polarimetry survey at 5 GHz (VIPS). Among observed sources,…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2011-11-22 Leonid Petrov , Gregory Taylor

We have carried out full imaging simulation studies to explore the impact of frequency standards in millimeter and sub-millimeter Very Long Baseline Interferometry (VLBI), focusing on the coherence time and sensitivity. In particular, we…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2015-06-11 M. Rioja , R. Dodson , Y. Asaki , J. Hartnett , S. Tingay

We demonstrate phase correction of 3 mm VLBI observations using the scanning 18 GHz to 26 GHz water vapour radiometer at Effelsberg and we demonstrate an absolute accuracy of 15 mm in zenith path delay by comparing with GPS and radiosondes.…

Astrophysics · Physics 2007-05-23 A. L. Roy , H. Rottmann , U. Teuber , R. Keller

We present a new method of time-dependent instrumental polarization calibration for Very Long Baseline Interferometry (VLBI). This method has been implemented in the recently developed polarization calibration pipeline GPCAL. Instrumental…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2023-10-06 Jongho Park , Keiichi Asada , Do-Young Byun