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After recent AIA observations by Savage, McKenzie and Reeves we revisit the scenario proposed by us in previous papers. We have shown that sunward, generally dark plasma features originated above posteruption flare arcades are consistent…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2015-06-05 M. Cécere , M. Schneiter , A. Costa , S. Elaskar , S. Maglione

Supra-arcade downflows (SADs) and supra-arcade downflowing loops (SADLs) descending from reconnection regions toward solar post-flare arcades seem to be two different observational signatures of retracting, isolated reconnected flux tubes…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2011-06-09 Silvina E. Guidoni

We perform a detailed analysis of the thermal structure of the region above the post-eruption arcade for a flare that occurred on 2011 October 22. During this event, a sheet of hot plasma is visible above the flare loops in the 131 \AA\…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2017-02-15 Katharine K. Reeves , Michael S. Freed , David E. McKenzie , Sabrina L. Savage

Solar flare above-the-loop-top (ALT) regions are vital for understanding solar eruptions and fundamental processes in plasma physics. Recent advances in 3D MHD simulations have revealed unprecedented details on turbulent flows and MHD…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2025-03-19 Xiaoyan Xie , Chengcai Shen , Katharine Reeves , Bin Chen , Xiaocan Li , Fan Guo , Sijie Yu , Yuqian Wei , Chuanfei Dong

Coronal supra-arcade downflows (SADs) are observed as dark trails descending towards hot turbulent fan shaped regions. Due to the large temperature values, and gradients in these fan regions the thermal conduction should be very efficient.…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2020-04-22 E. Zurbriggen , A. Costa , A. Esquivel , M. Schneiter , M. Cécere

Spatially unresolved observations show that the cooling phase in solar flares can be much longer than theoretical models predict. It has not yet been determined whether this is also the case for different subregions within the flare…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2024-06-21 Malte Bröse , Alexander Warmuth , Taro Sakao , Yang Su

Magnetic reconnection is a universal process that powers explosive energy release events such as solar flares, geomagnetic substorms, and some astrophysical jets. A characteristic feature of magnetic reconnection is the production of fast…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2022-02-15 Chengcai Shen , Bin Chen , Katharine K. Reeves , Sijie Yu , Vanessa Polito , Xiaoyan Xie

Downflows at supersonic speeds have been observed in the transition region (TR) above sunspots for more than three decades. These downflows are often seen in different TR spectral lines above sunspots. We have performed a statistical…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2018-06-27 Tanmoy Samanta , Hui Tian , Debi Prasad Choudhary

We report on new spectro-polarimetric measurements with simultaneous filter imaging observation, revealing the frequent appearance of polarization signals indicating high-speed, probably supersonic, downflows that are associated with at…

Arcades of flare loops form as a consequence of magnetic reconnection powering solar flares and eruptions. We analyse the morphology and evolution of flare arcades that formed during five well-known eruptive flares. We show that the arcades…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2021-03-24 Juraj Lörinčík , Jaroslav Dudík , Guillaume Aulanier

In this paper, we analyze the high-resolution UV spectra for a C1.7 solar flare (SOL2017-09-09T06:51) observed by the \textit{Interface Region Imaging Spectrograph} (\textit{IRIS}). {We focus on the spectroscopic observations at the…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2020-12-02 Yi-An Zhou , Y. Li , M. D. Ding , Jie Hong , Ke Yu

Plasma loops or plumes rooted in sunspot umbrae often harbor downflows with speeds of 100 km/s. These downflows are supersonic at transition region temperatures of 0.1 MK. The source of these flows is not well understood. We aim to…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2022-03-16 Hechao Chen , Hui Tian , Leping Li , Hardi Peter , Lakshmi Pradeep Chitta , Zhenyong Hou

Stellar flares are sudden brightenings caused by magnetic reconnection and are frequently observed on late-type stars. High-cadence photometry of flares provides valuable insights into the mechanisms of these events, yet such observations…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2026-02-26 B. Schmercz , B. Seli , K. Vida , L. Kriskovics , A. Görgei , K. Oláh , Zs. Regály

Solar flares are one of the main forces behind space weather events. However the mechanism that drives such energetic phenomena is not fully understood. The standard eruptive flare model predicts that magnetic reconnection occurs high in…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2015-06-17 S. Imada , K. Aoki , H. Hara , T. Watanabe , L. K. Harra , T. Shimizu

We report on interaction of the legs of the erupting filament of 2012 August 31 and associated prominent supra-arcade downflows (P-SADs) as observed by the Atmospheric Imaging Assembly onboard the Solar Dynamics Observatory. We employ a…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2022-09-28 Jaroslav Dudik , Guillaume Aulanier , Jana Kasparova , Marian Karlicky , Alena Zemanova , Juraj Lorincik , Miloslav Druckmuller

In the standard model, magnetic reconnection at a vertical current sheet above the flare arcade is key to explaining many aspects of solar eruptions. The supra-arcade region is where the vertical current sheet is supposedly located, and…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2025-12-23 Hanya Pan , Astrid M. Veronig , Rui Liu

Post-flare arcades are well-known components of solar flare evolution, which have been observed for several decades. Coronal rain, cascades of catastrophically-cooled plasma, outline the loops and provide eye-catching evidence of the recent…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2022-11-09 Emily I. Mason , Kara L. Kniezewski

Solar flares are widely accepted to be powered by magnetic reconnection that involves complex dynamics in various scales. The flare supra-arcade and loop-top region, directly impacted by fast reconnection downflows, contains a wealth of…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2025-05-27 Tingyu Gou , Katharine K. Reeves

We investigate the thermal properties of a solar flare by the observations of soft X-ray Telescope (XRT) on board Hinode and the Atmospheric Image Assembly on board the Solar Dynamics Observatory (SDO/AIA). Our analysis reveals a tenuous…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2025-10-22 Xiaoyan Xie , Anna Chen , Crisel Suarez , Katharine K. Reeves , Soumya Roy , Christopher S. Moore , Nishu Karna , Joy Velasquez

Outflows perpendicular to the guide field are believed to be a possible signature of magnetic reconnection in the solar corona and specifically a way to detect the occurrence of ubiquitous small-angle magnetic reconnection. The aim of this…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2025-03-05 G. Cozzo , P. Pagano , F. Reale , P. Testa , A. Petralia , J. Martinez-Sykora , V. Hansteen , B. De Pontieu