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Surveys of pulsating stars in the inner Galaxy have been very limited, but recent large-scale surveys are rapidly bringing us new samples of various kinds of variable stars and new insights into stellar populations therein. Because of the…
Chemical element transport processes are among the crucial physical processes needed for precise stellar modelling. Atomic diffusion by gravitational settling nowadays is usually taken into account, and is essential for helioseismic…
Stellar rotation on the main sequence is a complex function of mass and age, displaying multiple regimes whose physical origin remains only partially understood. In particular, the connection between the diversity of observed rotation rates…
We present a time-dependent radiative model for the atmosphere of extrasolar planets that takes into account the eccentricity of their orbit. In addition to the modulation of stellar irradiation by the varying planet-star distance, the…
During the last few decades, great effort has been made towards understanding hydrodynamical processes which determine the structure and evolution of stars. Up to now, the most stringent constraints have been provided by helioseismology and…
Stars with masses between 1 and 8 solar masses (M$_\odot$) lose large amounts of material in the form of gas and dust in the late stages of stellar evolution, during their Asymptotic Giant Branch phase. Such stars supply up to 35% of the…
The thermal structure of neutron star envelopes is discussed with emphasis on analytic results. Recent progress on the effect of chemical constitution and high magnetic fields on the opacities and the thermal structure is further reviewed…
In preparation for the COROT space mission, we determined the fundamental parameters (spectral type, temperature, gravity, vsini) of the Be stars observable by COROT in its seismology fields (64 Be stars). We applied a careful and detailed…
We focus on the astrobiological effects of photospheric radiation produced by main-sequence stars of spectral types F, G, K, and M. The photospheric radiation is represented by using realistic spectra, taking into account millions or…
Oscillations detected on the solar surface provide a unique possibility for investigations of the interior properties of a star. Through major observational efforts, including extensive observations from space, as well as development of…
The advent of high-resolution spectrographs and detailed stellar atmosphere modelling has strengthened the need for accurate molecular data. Carbon-enhanced metal-poor (CEMP) stars spectra are interesting objects with which to study…
The characteristics of the star with the "prescribed" density distribution $\rho=\rho_c[1-(r/R)^\alpha]$ are analytically studied.
Radioactive components of the interstellar medium provide an entirely-different and new aspect to the studies of the interstellar medium. Injected from sources of nucleosynthesis, unstable nuclei decay along their trajectories. Measurements…
It has long been known that dissipation is a crucial ingredient in the superradiant amplification of wavepackets off rotating objects. We show that, once appropriate dissipation mechanisms are included, stars are also prone to superradiance…
The solar spectrum conveys most of our diagnostics to find out how our star works. They must be understood for utilization, but solar spectrum formation is complex because the interaction of matter and radiation within the solar atmosphere…
Supernova flux and polarization spectra bring vital information on the geometry, physical conditions, and composition structure of the ejected matter. For some supernovae the circumstellar matter is also probed by the observed spectra. Some…
Transmission spectroscopy during planetary transits is expected to be a major source of information on the atmospheres of small (approximately Earth-sized) exoplanets in the next two decades. This technique, however, is intrinsically…
Studying exoplanets with their parent stars is crucial to understand their population, formation and history. We review some of the key questions regarding their evolution with particular emphasis on giant gaseous exoplanets orbiting close…
Radial abundance gradients are observed in the Galaxy and other galaxies as well, and include several chemical elements in different stellar systems. Possibly the most accurate gradients in the Galaxy are those determined from chepheid…
Low amplitude is the defining characteristic of solar-like oscillations. The space projects $Kepler$ and $CoRoT$ give us a great opportunity to successfully detect such oscillations in numerous targets. Achievements of asteroseismology…