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Upcoming space-based coronagraphic instruments in the next decade will perform reflected light spectroscopy and photometry of cool, directly imaged extrasolar giant planets. We are developing a new atmospheric retrieval methodology to help…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2016-12-14 Roxana E. Lupu , Mark S. Marley , Nikole Lewis , Michael Line , Wesley A. Traub , Kevin Zahnle

The spectra of brown dwarfs are key to exploring the chemistry and physics that take place in their atmospheres. Late-T dwarf spectra are particularly diagnostic due to their relatively cloud-free atmospheres and deep molecular bands. With…

Characterizing the exchange of water between the Martian atmosphere and the (sub)surface is a major challenge for understanding the mechanisms that regulate the water cycle. Here we present a new dataset of water ice detected on the Martian…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2024-08-29 L. Lange , S. Piqueux , C. S. Edwards , F. Forget , J. Naar , E. Vos , A. Szantai

This paper presents expression of mutual information that defines the information gain in planning of sensing resources, when the goal is to reduce the forecast uncertainty of some quantities of interest and the system dynamics is described…

Systems and Control · Computer Science 2013-08-02 Han-Lim Choi

Spectra of exoplanet atmospheres provide us the opportunity to improve our understanding of these objects just as remote sensing in our own solar system has increased our understanding of the solar system bodies. The challenge is to…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2015-06-15 Michael R. Line , Aaron Wolf , Xi Zhang , Heather Knutson , Joshua Kammer , Elias Ellison , Pieter Deroo , Dave Crisp , Yuk Yung

We present two measurements of the temperature-density relationship (TDR) of the intergalactic medium (IGM) in the redshift range $2.55 < z < 2.95$ using a sample of 13 high-quality quasar spectra and high resolution numerical simulations…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2017-12-27 Alberto Rorai , Robert F. Carswell , Martin G. Haehnelt , George D. Becker , James S. Bolton , Michael T. Murphy

Several different methods are regularly used to infer the properties of the neutral interstellar medium (ISM) using atomic hydrogen (H I) 21cm absorption and emission spectra. In this work, we study various techniques used for inferring ISM…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2023-11-27 Soumyadeep Bhattacharjee , Nirupam Roy , Prateek Sharma , Amit Seta , Christoph Federrath

TESS is expected to discover dozens of temperate terrestrial planets orbiting M dwarfs whose atmospheres could be followed up with the James Webb Space Telescope (JWST). Currently, the TRAPPIST-1 system serves as a benchmark to determine…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2018-04-18 Natasha E. Batalha , Nikole K. Lewis , Michael R. Line , Jeff Valenti , Kevin Stevenson

We propose a new method to retrieve the optical depth of Martian aerosols (AOD) from OMEGA and CRISM hyperspectral imagery at a reference wavelength of 1 {\mu}m. Our method works even if the underlying surface is completely made of…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2015-06-12 S. Douté , X. Ceamanos , T. Appéré

Accurate thermal modeling of Terminal Test Masses (TTMs) is crucial for optimizing the sensitivity of gravitational wave interferometers like Virgo. In fact, in such gravitational wave detectors even minimal laser power absorption can…

Biased sampling of collective variables is widely used to accelerate rare events in molecular simulations and to explore free energy surfaces. However, computational efficiency of these methods decreases with increasing number of collective…

Chemical Physics · Physics 2017-04-05 Shalini Awasthi , Nisanth N. Nair

We study the finite-temperature behavior of the Lipkin-Meshkov-Glick model, with a focus on correlation properties as measured by the mutual information. The latter, which quantifies the amount of both classical and quantum correlations, is…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2012-02-01 J. Wilms , J. Vidal , F. Verstraete , S. Dusuel

We present an analytical instrument model of the TMS radiometer, a pseudo-correlation system designed for absolute sky-temperature measurements through a continuous comparison between sky and reference-load signals. The goal of this work is…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2026-03-03 A. M. Arriero-Lopez , J. A. Rubiño-Martín , F. Cuttaia , L. Terenzi , R. Hoyland

Thermal tides in the Martian atmosphere are analyzed using temperature profiles retrieved from nadir observations obtained by the TIRVIM Fourier-spectrometer, part of the Atmospheric Chemistry Suite (ACS) onboard the ExoMars Trace Gas…

The Interface Region Imaging Spectrograph(IRIS) with its high spatial and temporal resolution brings exceptional plasma diagnostics of solar chromospheric and coronal activity during magnetic reconnection. The aim of this work is to study…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2021-01-20 Reetika Joshi , Brigitte Schmieder , Akiko Tei , Guillaume Aulanier , Juraj Lörinčík , Ramesh Chandra , Petr Heinzel

While dust is a key parameter of Mars climate, its behaviour from one year to the next can appear erratic. This variability is notably related to Global Dust Storms (GDS) which occur only certain years with different onset, duration and…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2025-02-26 Yann Leseigneur , Mathieu Vincendon

Near-surface air temperature is a key physical property of the Earth's surface. Although weather stations offer continuous monitoring and satellites provide broad spatial coverage, no single data source offers seamless data in a…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-09-17 Shengjie Kris Liu , Siqin Wang , Lu Zhang

A minimum atmospheric temperature, or tropopause, occurs at a pressure of around 0.1 bar in the atmospheres of Earth, Titan, Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus and Neptune, despite great differences in atmospheric composition, gravity, internal heat…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2013-12-25 Tyler D. Robinson , David C. Catling

One-dimensional (vertical) models of planetary atmospheres typically balance the net solar and internal energy fluxes against the net thermal radiative and convective heat fluxes to determine an equilibrium thermal structure. Thus,simple…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2019-04-17 Juan P. Tolento , Tyler D. Robinson

An approach to the remote sensing of land surface temperature is developed using the methods of Bayesian inference. The starting point is the maximum entropy estimate for the posterior distribution of radiance in multiple bands. In order to…

Data Analysis, Statistics and Probability · Physics 2009-11-10 J. A. Morgan