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The Wigner-Araki-Yanase (WAY) theorem states a remarkable limitation to quantum mechanical measurements in the presence of additive conserved quantities. Discovered by Wigner in 1952, this limitation is known to induce constraints on the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2011-04-19 Leon Loveridge , Paul Busch

The ability to measure every quantum observable is ensured by a fundamental result in quantum measurement theory. Nevertheless, additive conservation laws associated with physical symmetries, such as the angular momentum conservation, may…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2017-01-24 Mikko Tukiainen

The Wigner-Araki-Yanase (WAY) theorem states that additive conservation laws imply the commutativity of exactly implementable projective measurements and the conserved observables of the system. Known proofs of this theorem are only…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-12-05 Yui Kuramochi , Hiroyasu Tajima

The Wigner-Araki-Yanase (WAY) theorem shows that additive conservation laws limit the accuracy of measurements. Recently, various quantitative expressions have been found for quantum limits on measurements induced by additive conservation…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2010-04-28 Gen Kimura , Bernhard K. Meister , Masanao Ozawa

We revisit the theorem of Wigner, Araki and Yanase (WAY) describing limitations to repeatable quantum measurements that arise from the presence of conservation laws. We will review a strengthening of this theorem by exhibiting and…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2013-10-01 P. Busch , L. D. Loveridge

An extension of the Wigner-Araki-Yanase theorem to multiplicative conserved quantities is presented and approximate versions of the theorem are discussed.

Quantum Physics · Physics 2007-07-31 Bernhard K. Meister

Measurement error and disturbance, in the presence of conservation laws, are analysed in general operational terms. We provide novel quantitative bounds demonstrating necessary conditions under which accurate or non-disturbing measurements…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-06-07 M. Hamed Mohammady , Takayuki Miyadera , Leon Loveridge

The paper focuses on the fact that quantum projective measurements do not necessarily conserve energy. On the other hand the Wigner-Araki-Yanase (WAY) theorem states that assuming a "standard" von Neumann measurement model and "additivity"…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2016-10-25 Stephen Parrott

We present a novel interpretation of the Wigner-Araki-Yanase (WAY) theorem based on a relational view of quantum mechanics. Several models are analysed in detail, backed up by general considerations, which serve to illustrate that the moral…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2020-11-13 Leon Loveridge

A quantitative extension of the Wigner-Araki-Yanase theorem is obtained on the limitation on precise, non-disturbing measurements of observables which do not commute with additive conserved quantities, and applied to obtaining a limitation…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2007-05-23 Masanao Ozawa

We present a hitherto unknown fundamental limitation to a basic measurement: that of the position of a quantum object when the total momentum of the object and apparatus is conserved. This result extends the famous Wigner-Araki-Yanase (WAY)…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2011-03-22 Paul Busch , Leon Loveridge

It is important to improve the accuracy of quantum measurements and operations both in engineering and fundamental physics. It is known, however, that the achievable accuracy of measurements and unitary operations are generally limited by…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-05-13 Ryota Katsube , Masanao Ozawa , Masahiro Hotta

The presence of an additive conserved quantity imposes a limitation on the measurement process. According to the Wigner-Araki-Yanase theorem, the perfect repeatability and the distinguishability on the apparatus cannot be attained…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2007-05-23 Takayuki Miyadera , Hideki Imai

Editor's Note: An English translation of Wilhelm Weber's 1878 paper "Ueber die Energie der Wechselwirkung", [Web78b]. This work is an excerpt from Weber's seventh major Memoir on Electrodynamic Measurements, "Elektrodynamische…

History and Philosophy of Physics · Physics 2021-02-25 A. K. T. Assis

The uncertainty relation between the noise operator and the conserved quantity leads to a bound for the accuracy of general measurements. The bound extends the assertion by Wigner, Araki, and Yanase that conservation laws limit the accuracy…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2009-11-07 Masanao Ozawa

The Wigner's friend thought experiment was intended to illustrate the difficulty one has in describing an agent as a quantum system when that agent performs a measurement. While it does pose a challenge to the orthodox interpretation of…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-09-12 David Schmid , Yìlè Yīng , Matthew Leifer

The Wigner-Araki-Yanase (WAY) theorem can be understood as a result in the resource theory of asymmetry asserting the impossibility of perfectly simulating, via symmetric processing, the measurement of an asymmetric observable unless one…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2012-12-17 Iman Marvian , Robert W. Spekkens

Recently, universally valid uncertainty relations have been established to set a precision limit for any instruments given a disturbance constraint in a form more general than the one originally proposed by Heisenberg. One of them leads to…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2007-05-23 Masanao Ozawa

It is argued that the conclusions obtained by Renninger (Zeitschrift fur Physik 136, 251 (1953)), by means of an interferometer thought experiment, have important implications for a number of still ongoing discussions about quantum…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2007-05-23 W. De Baere

The WAY theorem establishes an important constraint that conservation laws impose on quantum mechanical measurements. We formulate the WAY theorem in the broader context of resource theories, where one is constrained to a subset of quantum…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2013-04-02 Mehdi Ahmadi , David Jennings , Terry Rudolph
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