Related papers: Proton Radius, Darwin-Foldy Term and Radiative Cor…
Protons are bound states of the strong interaction governed by Quantum Chromodynamics (QCD). Its charge radius ($r_{E}^{p}$) is an important quantity as it characterizes the spatial distribution of the proton's charge, which is carried by…
Elastic scattering of relativistic electrons from the nucleon yields Lorentz invariant form factors that describe the fundamental distribution of charge and magnetism. The spatial dependence of the nucleon's charge and magnetism is…
The relationship between the electric form factors for the proton in the rest frame and in the Breit momentum frame is used to provide a value for the difference in the mean squared charge radius of the proton evaluated in the two frames.…
Up to now, all charge radius measurements of the proton and deuteron assumed uniform spheroidal charge distribution. We investigate the nuclear deformation effects on these charge radius measurements by assuming a uniform prolate charge…
I summarize the dispersion-theoretical analysis of the nucleon electromagnetic form factors. Special emphasis is given on the extraction of the proton charge radius and its relatives, the proton magnetic radius as well as the neutron…
We consider the Dirac equation for a finite-size neutron in an external electric field. We explicitly incorporate Dirac-Pauli form factors into the Dirac equation. After a non-relativistic reduction, the Darwin-Foldy term is cancelled by a…
A simple formula is derived that describes how the Coulomb interaction affects the proton radius in nuclei. It determines the difference between neutron and proton radii in nuclei with N approx Z. It also provides an estimate for the…
The extension of the factorization theorems of perturbative QCD to power corrections associated with re-scattering in nuclear collisions is reviewed. The importance of hadron-nucleus collisions is discussed.
Multi-photon exchange contributions are important in extracting the proton charge radius from elastic electron--proton scattering. So far, only diagrams associated with the exchange of a second photon have been evaluated. At the very low…
The largest radiative corrections to the cross section of electron-proton scattering at high energies are associated with emission of photons, real and virtual, by electron. They contain large logarithms coming from soft and collinear…
The accuracy of atomic theory calculations limits the extraction of nuclear charge radii from isotope shift measurements of odd-proton nuclei. For Na isotopes, though precise spectroscopic measurements have existed since more than half a…
We discuss results from our global QCD analyses including nuclear data off deuterium from various measurements, as well as off $\htri$ and $\hetri$ targets from the \mara{} experiment. We simultaneously determine the parton distribution…
We review the current state of knowledge of the nucleon polarizabilities and of their role in nucleon Compton scattering and in hydrogen spectrum. We discuss the basic concepts, the recent lattice QCD calculations and advances in chiral…
We determine the root-mean-square proton charge radius, $R_{\rm p}$, from a fit to low-$Q^2$ electron-proton elastic scattering cross section data with the higher moments fixed (within uncertainties) to the values predicted by chiral…
We report on a comprehensive reinterpretation of the existing cross-section data for elastic electron-proton scattering obtained by the initial-state radiation technique, resulting in a significantly improved accuracy of the extracted…
The question of the determination of the proton charge radius $R_p$ from electron scattering data led to an unprecedented experimental effort for measurements of the electric form factor of the proton at low and very low momentum transfer…
The Proton Radius Puzzle refers to the ~7{\sigma} discrepancy that exists between the proton charge radius determined from muonic hydrogen and that determined from electronic hydrogen spectroscopy and electron-proton scattering. One…
We present a systematic study of both nuclear radii and binding energies in (even) oxygen isotopes from the valley of stability to the neutron drip line. Both charge and matter radii are compared to state-of-the-art {\it ab initio}…
We present a dispersion theoretical analysis of the experimental data on the electromagnetic form factors of the nucleon covering both the space- and time-like regions. The nucleon form factors over the full range of momentum transfers and…
This paper concerns the most intriguing question of modern atomic physics: determination of the proton root-mean-square (rms) charge radius ($r_p$). This problem was announced by the difference in $r_p$ values extracted from the experiments…