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I argue that data becomes temporarily interesting by itself to some self-improving, but computationally limited, subjective observer once he learns to predict or compress the data in a better way, thus making it subjectively simpler and…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2009-04-15 Juergen Schmidhuber

In this essay, I argue that mathematics is a natural science---just like physics, chemistry, or biology---and that this can explain the alleged "unreasonable" effectiveness of mathematics in the physical sciences. The main challenge for…

History and Philosophy of Physics · Physics 2016-08-05 M. S. Leifer

The aesthetic quality of an image is defined as the measure or appreciation of the beauty of an image. Aesthetics is inherently a subjective property but there are certain factors that influence it such as, the semantic content of the…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-08-25 Luigi Celona , Marco Leonardi , Paolo Napoletano , Alessandro Rozza

The problem of quantification of emotions in the choice between alternatives is considered. The alternatives are evaluated in a dual manner. From one side, they are characterized by rational features defining the utility of each…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2022-03-07 V. I. Yukalov

Is aesthetic impact different from beauty? Is visual salience a reflection of its capacity for effective communication? We present Impressions, a novel dataset through which to investigate the semiotics of images, and how specific visual…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-10-30 Julia Kruk , Caleb Ziems , Diyi Yang

In consciousness science, several promising approaches have been developed for how to represent conscious experience in terms of mathematical spaces and structures. What is missing, however, is an explicit definition of what a 'mathematical…

Neurons and Cognition · Quantitative Biology 2023-01-30 Johannes Kleiner , Tim Ludwig

Mathematics is usually regarded as a kind of language. The essential behavior of physical phenomena can be expressed by mathematical laws, providing descriptions and predictions. In the present essay I argue that, although mathematics can…

History and Philosophy of Physics · Physics 2016-04-01 Christine Cordula Dantas

The artistic style of a painting is a subtle aesthetic judgment used by art historians for grouping and classifying artwork. The recently introduced `neural-style' algorithm substantially succeeds in merging the perceived artistic style of…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2019-06-04 Jeremiah Johnson

Artificial intelligence (AI) is the name popularly given to a broad spectrum of computer tools designed to perform increasingly complex cognitive tasks, including many that used to solely be the province of humans. As these tools become…

History and Overview · Mathematics 2026-03-30 Tanya Klowden , Terence Tao

Generative AIs produce creative outputs in the style of human expression. We argue that encounters with the outputs of modern generative AI models are mediated by the same kinds of aesthetic judgments that organize our interactions with…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2023-09-25 Jessica Hullman , Ari Holtzman , Andrew Gelman

This paper introduces function alignment, a novel theory of mind and intelligence that is both intuitively compelling and structurally grounded. It explicitly models how meaning, interpretation, and analogy emerge from interactions among…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-04-15 Gus G. Xia

We claim that human mathematics is only a limited part of the consequences of the chosen basic axioms. Properly human mathematics varies with time but appears to have universal features which we try to analyze. In particular the functioning…

History and Overview · Mathematics 2023-02-21 David Ruelle

Mathematical reasoning is a fundamental aspect of human intelligence and is applicable in various fields, including science, engineering, finance, and everyday life. The development of artificial intelligence (AI) systems capable of solving…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2023-06-23 Pan Lu , Liang Qiu , Wenhao Yu , Sean Welleck , Kai-Wei Chang

New understandings of the functioning of human brains engaged in mathematics raise interesting questions for mathematics educators. Novel lines of research are suggested by neuroscientific findings, and new light is shed on some…

History and Overview · Mathematics 2021-09-03 Gary E. Davis , Mercedes A. McGowen

In fine art, especially painting, humans have mastered the skill to create unique visual experiences through composing a complex interplay between the content and style of an image. Thus far the algorithmic basis of this process is unknown…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2015-09-03 Leon A. Gatys , Alexander S. Ecker , Matthias Bethge

The purpose of this paper is to emphasize the role of language in the process of teaching and learning mathematics. We will begin with the definition of mathematics given by Cassiodorus (in its essential features repeated in Kolmogorov's…

General Mathematics · Mathematics 2018-10-30 Aslanbek Naziev

Pictures in physics education go beyond instructional functions and serve affective roles, such as attracting attention, creating fascination, and fostering engagement with the depicted content. Recognizing the importance of these affective…

Physics Education · Physics 2024-11-08 Tatjana Zähringer , Raimund Girwidz , Andreas Müller

The growing complexity of modern practical problems puts high demands on the mathematical modelling. Given that various models can be used for modelling one physical phenomenon, the role of model comparison and model choice becomes…

Category Theory · Mathematics 2021-08-16 Dmitrii Legatiuk

This overview article highlights the critical role of mathematics in artificial intelligence (AI), emphasizing that mathematics provides tools to better understand and enhance AI systems. Conversely, AI raises new problems and drives the…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2025-01-22 Gabriel Peyré

Recent advances in neurosciences and psychology have provided evidence that affective phenomena pervade intelligence at many levels, being inseparable from the cognitionaction loop. Perception, attention, memory, learning, decisionmaking,…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2008-09-30 Luis Paulo Reis , Daria Barteneva , Nuno Lau