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The vector potential is a fundamental concept widely applied across various fields. This paper presents an existence theorem of a vector potential for divergence-free functions in $W^{m,p}(\mathbb{R}^N,\mathbb{T})$ with general $m,p,N$.…
We give a first-order definition of key polynomials, we show the links with previous definitions, that it is relevant to study key degrees, and to use a kind of valuations that we call partially multiplicative. We also prove or reprove…
We prove martingale-ergodic and ergodic-martingale theorems for vector valued Bochner integrable functions. We obtain dominant and maximal inequalities. We also prove weighted and multiparameter martingale-ergodic and ergodic martingale…
The concept of electromotive force (emf) may be introduced in various ways in an undergraduate course of theoretical electromagnetism. The multitude of alternate expressions for the emf is often the source of confusion to the student. We…
The electromagnetic vacuum is known to have energy. It has been recently argued that the quantum vacuum can possess momentum, that adds up to the momentum of matter. This ``Casimir momentum'' is closely related to the Casimir effect, in…
While the electromagnetic force is microscopically simply the Lorentz force, its macroscopic form is more complicated, and given by expressions such as the Maxwell stress tensor and the Kelvin force. Their derivation is fairly opaque, at…
With regard to generic two-component systems, the theory of first variations of global quantities is reviewed and explicit expressions are inferred for subsystem potential energies and potential-energy tensors. Performing a conceptual…
The problems considered refer to the material equations of electric- and magnetoelectric induction. Some contradictions found in fundamental studies on classical electrodynamics have been explained. The notion magnetoelectric induction has…
Using a quantum field theoretic description of the photon it is shown that, as intuitively expected but not before theoretically proven, the vector potential of a photon has a likely amplitude associated with a discrete frequency and…
We consider the gauge invariant version of the Proca theory, where besides the real vector field there is also the real scalar field. We quantize the theory such that the commutator of the scalar field operator and the electric field…
The present tutorial aims at covering the fundamentals of electromagnetism, in a condensed and clear manner. Some solved and proposed exercises have been included. The reader is assumed to have knowledge of basic electricity, partial…
Ascribing to inanimate matter a possibility to receive, work on and transfer information allows us to explain quantum-mechanical phenomena including "delayed-choice"- and "Einstein-Podolsky-Rosen (EPR)"-type experiments adhering to the…
A complete classification of continuous, dually epi-translation invariant, and rotation equivariant valuations on convex functions is established. This characterizes the recently introduced functional Minkowski vectors, which naturally…
In this work we show the quaternionic quantum descriptions of physical processes from the Planck to macro scale. The results presented here are based on the concepts of the Cauchy continuum and the elementary cell at the Planck scale. The…
We predict a new effect in condensed matter surface magnetization of the vortex phase of a superconductor induced by electric field. The magnetized superconductor should be one of the plates of a plane capacitor on which a voltage has to be…
According to the theory of relativity, the 4-vector force acting on a particle is orthogonal to the 4-vector velocity of the particle, but we found that the electromagnetic force of the Maxwell's theory can not completely satisfy this…
In the paper [4] is presented a theory which unifies the gravitation theory and the mechanical effects, which is different from the Riemannian theories like GTR. Moreover it is built in the style of the electomagnetic field theory. This…
This paper briefly summarizes previous work on complex classical mechanics and its relation to quantum mechanics. It then introduces a previously unstudied area of research involving the complex particle trajectories associated with…
The canonical quantization of flux is performed. It is shown that according to the canonical flux quantization there must be a new uncertainty relation: $e \Delta A_m . \Delta x_m \geq \hbar$ where $A_m$ and $\Delta x_m \geq l_B$ are the…
Special functions have always played a central role in physics and in mathematics, arising as solutions of particular differential equations, or integrals, during the study of particular important physical models and theories in Quantum…