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Much effort has gone into understanding the modular nature of complex networks. Communities, also known as clusters or modules, are typically considered to be densely interconnected groups of nodes that are only sparsely connected to other…

There are numerous emerging applications for digitizing trees using terrestrial and aerial laser scanning, particularly in the fields of agriculture and forestry. Interpretation of LiDAR point clouds is increasingly relying on data-driven…

As one of the primary consumers of environmental resource, the building industry faces unprecedented challenges in needing to reduce the environmental impact of current consumption practices. This applies to both the construction of the…

We study the topological construction called Mapper in the context of simply connected domains, in particular on images. The Mapper construction can be considered as a generalization for contour, split, and joint trees on simply connected…

We formalize an existing computability-theoretic method of presenting first-order structures whose domains have the cardinality of the continuum. Work using these methods until now has emphasized their topological properties. We shift the…

Phylogenetic trees constitute an interesting class of objects for stochastic processes due to the non-standard nature of the space they inhabit. In particular, many statistical applications require the construction of Markov processes on…

PhyloFrame is a Python library for phylogenetic computation targeting the gap between specialist, compiler-optimized operations and flexible, script-based workflows -- with emphasis on fast, memory-efficient operations for very large tree…

Tree height estimation serves as an important proxy for biomass estimation in ecological and forestry applications. While traditional methods such as photogrammetry and Light Detection and Ranging (LiDAR) offer accurate height measurements,…

We give the first data structure for the problem of maintaining a dynamic set of n elements drawn from a partially ordered universe described by a tree. We define the Line-Leaf Tree, a linear-sized data structure that supports the…

Across many areas, from neural tracking to database entity resolution, manual assessment of clusters by human experts presents a bottleneck in rapid development of scalable and specialized clustering methods. To solve this problem we…

Morphological development into evolutionary patterns under structural instability is ubiquitous in living systems and often of vital importance for engineering structures. Here we propose a data-driven approach to understand and predict…

The paper presents the importance of research which characterizes the natural forest structure for the forest management. The lessons learned in these particular forest ecosystems can be integrated by the forest management objectives, in…

This paper proposes a multi-spectral random forest classifier with suitable feature selection and masking for tree cover estimation in urban areas. The key feature of the proposed classifier is filtering out the built-up region using…

Amphiphilic molecules spontaneously form self-assembled structures of various shapes depending on their molecular structures, the temperature, and other physical conditions. The functionalities of these structures are dictated by their…

One might ask why is it important to know the mechanism of fracture in leaves when Mother Nature is doing her job perfectly. I could list the following reasons to address that question: (a) Leaves are natural composite structures, during…

Model-based trees are used to find subgroups in data which differ with respect to model parameters. In some applications it is natural to keep some parameters fixed globally for all observations while asking if and how other parameters vary…

Supertree construction is the process by which a set of phylogenetic trees, each on a subset of the overall set X of species, is combined into a tree on the full set S. The traditional use of supertree methods is the assembly of a large…

In contrast to engineering applications, in which the structure of control laws are designed to satisfy prescribed function requirements, in biology it is often necessary to infer gene-circuit function from incomplete data on gene-circuit…

The scaling behaviour of randomly branched polymers in a good solvent is studied in two to nine dimensions, using as microscopic models lattice animals and lattice trees on simple hypercubic lattices. As a stochastic sampling method we use…

When trained on language data, do transformers learn some arbitrary computation that utilizes the full capacity of the architecture or do they learn a simpler, tree-like computation, hypothesized to underlie compositional meaning systems…