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We present a Bayesian Stacking technique to directly measure the HI mass function (HIMF) and its evolution with redshift using galaxies formally below the nominal detection threshold. We generate galaxy samples over several sky areas given…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2020-01-08 Hengxing Pan , Matt J. Jarvis , James R. Allison , Ian Heywood , Mario G. Santos , Natasha Maddox , Bradley S. Frank , Xi Kang

Neutral atomic hydrogen (HI) constitutes a key phase of the cosmic baryon cycle, bridging the ionised circumgalactic medium and the star-forming molecular gas. Yet, nearly 75 years after its discovery, direct views of HI through its 21cm…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2025-11-04 Graham Lawrie , Roger Deane , Tariq Blecher , Danail Obreschkow , Ian Heywood , Shilpa Ranchod

Large scale filaments, with lengths that can reach tens of Mpc, are the most prominent features in the cosmic web. These filaments have only been observed indirectly through the positions of galaxies in large galaxy surveys or through…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2018-11-07 Robin Kooistra , Marta B. Silva , Saleem Zaroubi

Modelling the distribution of neutral hydrogen (HI) in dark matter halos is important for studying galaxy evolution in the cosmological context. We use a novel approach to infer the HI-dark matter connection at the massive end ($m_{\rm HI}…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2018-06-12 Niladri Paul , Tirthankar Roy Choudhury , Aseem Paranjape

A Square Kilometer Array radio telescope will detect tens of thousands of galaxies per square degree in the 21cm emission line of neutral hydrogen. The telescope will be sensitive to ordinary galaxy populations at redshifts z>3 when the…

Astrophysics · Physics 2016-08-30 F. H. Briggs

Neutral atomic hydrogen and molecular gas in the host galaxies of radio active galactic nuclei (AGN) can be traced using H I 21-cm and OH-1667 MHz absorption lines to understand the fueling and feedback processes. We present the results of…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2024-07-01 Yogesh Chandola , D. J. Saikia , Yin-Zhe Ma , Zheng Zheng , Chao-Wei Tsai , Di Li , Denis Tramonte , Hengxing Pan

This review summarizes recent studies of the cold neutral hydrogen gas associated with galaxies probed via the HI 21-cm absorption line. HI 21-cm absorption against background radio-loud quasars is a powerful tool to study the neutral gas…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2019-10-16 Rajeshwari Dutta

From a survey for redshifted HI 21-cm and OH 18-cm absorption in the hosts of a sample of radio galaxies and quasars, we detect HI in three of the ten and OH in none of the fourteen sources for which useful data were obtained. As expected…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2015-05-20 S. J. Curran , M. T. Whiting , M. T. Murphy , J. K. Webb , C. Bignell , A. G. Polatidis , T. Wiklind , P. Francis , G. Langston

21-cm emission from neutral hydrogen during and before the epoch of cosmic reionisation is gravitationally lensed by material at all lower redshifts. Low-frequency radio observations of this emission can be used to reconstruct the projected…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-06-25 Stefan Hilbert , R. Benton Metcalf , S. D. M. White

The empirical studies of cold gas content serve as an essential aspect in comprehending the star formation activities and evolution in galaxies. However, it is not straightforward to understand these processes because they depend on various…

We measure the scale dependence and redshift dependence of 21 cm line emitted from the neutral hydrogen gas at redshift 1<z<5 using full cosmological hydrodynamic simulations by taking the ratios between the power spectra of HI-dark matter…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2019-02-27 Rika Ando , Atsushi J. Nishizawa , Kenji Hasegawa , Ikko Shimizu , Kentaro Nagamine

We investigate the 21-cm signature that may arise from the intergalactic medium (IGM) prior to the epoch of full reionization (z>5). In scenarios in which the IGM is reionized by discrete sources of photoionizing radiation, the neutral gas…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-10-28 Piero Madau , Avery Meiksin , Martin J. Rees

We construct a simple but self-consistent analytic ionization model for rapid exploration of 21cm power spectrum observables in redshift space. It is fully described by the average ionization fraction $x_e(z)$ and HII patch size $R(z)$ and…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-11-13 Xiaomin Wang , Wayne Hu

We assess the impact of inhomogeneous reionization on detection of HII regions surrounding luminous high redshift quasars using planned low frequency radio telescopes. Our approach is to implement a semi-numerical scheme to calculate the…

Astrophysics · Physics 2017-07-24 Paul M. Geil , Stuart Wyithe

Radio spectroscopy at 323 MHz using the Arecibo Telescope and the VLA has produced a tentative detection of the 21cm line of neutral hydrogen at Z_abs=3.38716+-0.00007 in absorption against the radio continuum of the QSO MG0201+113 (Z_em =…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-10-30 F. H. Briggs , E. Brinks , A. M. Wolfe

Atomic hydrogen (HI) regulates star formation as cold gas fuels star formation. It represents a key phase of matter in the baryon cycle involving accretion, feedback, outflows, and gas recycling. Redshifted $21$ cm line emission originating…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2026-01-28 Sauraj Bharti , J. S. Bagla

JWST spectra revealing Lyman-$\alpha$ (Ly$\alpha$) absorption in $z\sim 5-14$ galaxies offer a unique probe of reionization's earliest stages. However, disentangling absorption by the increasingly neutral intergalactic medium (IGM) from…

The 21cm emission line from neutral hydrogen (HI) contained within galaxies provides a way to make accurate spectroscopic redshift determinations in the radio part of the spectrum. Large radio arrays such as SKA-MID are coming online that…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2026-04-30 Ainulnabilah Nasirudin , Philip Bull , Isabelle Ye

The neutral atomic gas content of individual galaxies at large cosmological distances has until recently been difficult to measure due to the weakness of the hyperfine HI 21-cm transition. Here we estimate the HI gas mass of a sample of…

The evolution of neutral hydrogen (HI) across redshifts is a powerful probe of cosmology, large scale structure in the universe and the intergalactic medium. Using a data-driven halo model to describe the distribution of HI in the…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2018-05-22 Hamsa Padmanabhan