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We present the growing mode solutions of cosmological perturbations to the second order in the matter dominated era. We also present several gauge-invariant combinations of perturbation variables to the second order in most general fluid…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2015-06-04 Jai-chan Hwang , Hyerim Noh , Jinn-Ouk Gong

The question of general covariance in quantum gravity is considered in the first post-Newtonian approximation. Transformation properties of observable quantities under deformations of a reference frame, induced by variations of the gauge…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2009-11-07 Kirill A. Kazakov

We study how the problem of observables is fully resolved for background independent theories defined on finite graphs. We argue the correct analogue of coordinate independence is the invariance under changes of graph labels, a kind of…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2025-08-05 Emil Broukal , Andrea Di Biagio , Eugenio Bianchi , Marios Christodoulou

A quantum physical projector is proposed for generally covariant theories which are derivable from a Lagrangian. The projector is the quantum analogue of the integral over the generators of finite one-parameter subgroups of the gauge…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2007-05-23 Donald C. Salisbury

In its canonical formulation, general relativity is subject to gauge transformations that are equivalent to space-time coordinate changes of general covariance only when the gauge generators, given by the Hamiltonian and diffeomorphism…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2023-10-31 Martin Bojowald , Erick I. Duque

We revisit gauge invariant cosmological perturbations in UV-modified, z = 3 Horava gravity with one scalar matter field, which has been proposed as a renormalizable gravity theory without the ghost problem in four dimensions. We confirm…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2018-01-24 Mu-In Park

This paper presents a unifying theory of Linear second order systems that allows time-varying and time invariant systems to be treated in the same way for the first time. In the process, a transformation is given that diagonalizes an…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-04-24 Douglas R. Frey

A manifestly covariant equation is derived to describe the second order perturbations in topological defects and membranes on arbitrary curved background spacetimes. This, on one hand, generalizes work on macroscopic strings in Minkowski…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2019-01-07 V. Kiosses , A. Nicolaidis

In a class of generalized Einstein's gravity theories we derive the equations and general asymptotic solutions describing the evolution of the perturbed universe in unified forms. Our gravity theory considers general couplings between the…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2009-10-28 J. Hwang

Modeling the propagation of gravitational waves (GWs) through matter is complicated by the gauge freedom of linearized gravity in that once nonlinearities are taken into consideration, gauge artifacts can cause spurious acceleration of the…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2024-02-28 Deepen Garg , I. Y. Dodin

Many of the methods proposed so far to go beyond Standard Perturbation Theory break invariance under time-dependent boosts (denoted here as extended Galilean Invariance, or GI). This gives rise to spurious large scale effects which spoil…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2017-02-01 Marco Peloso , Massimo Pietroni

The Newtonian Lagrangian perturbation theory is a widely used framework to study structure formation in cosmology in the nonlinear regime. We review a general-relativistic formulation of such a perturbation approach, emphasizing results on…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2022-11-10 Thomas Buchert , Ismael Delgado Gaspar , Jan J. Ostrowski

Adiabatic perturbations in the cosmology of a quintessential scalar field with exponential potential gravitationally coupled to radiation/matter are investigated in a gauge invariant formalism. The main question addressed in this paper is…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-11-06 Tassilo Ott

We propose a new theory of gravitation on noncommutative space-time which is invariant under the general coordinate transformations, while the local Lorentz invariance is realized as twisted gauge symmetry. Our theory is remarkably simpler…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2010-09-29 Archil Kobakhidze

A recently proposed pregeometric auxiliary vector mediated gauge theory is studied in its canonical domain, by performing the Legendre transform on a curved background and by considering its covariant phase space, with further application…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2024-12-02 Priidik Gallagher

We extend the general framework of perturbative quantum field theory developped for the pure Yang-Mills model to gravity. First we present a variant of the elimination procedure of the anomalies in the second order of perturbation theory.…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2022-09-13 Dan-Radu Grigore

We present two complex scalar gauge invariants for perturbations of the Kerr spacetime defined covariantly in terms of the Killing vectors and the conformal Killing-Yano tensor of the background together with the linearized curvature and…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2018-08-06 Steffen Aksteiner , Thomas Bäckdahl

Quantum field theory is assumed to be gauge invariant. However it is well known that when certain quantities are calculated using perturbation theory the results are not gauge invariant. The non-gauge invariant terms have to be removed in…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2007-05-23 Dan Solomon

In previous work we discussed the quantization of paths in spacetime. Building on these ideas we have developed a mathematically coherent theory addressing a number of open questions concerning Loop Quantum Gravity. Our approach develops a…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2019-02-07 James Moffat , Charles H. -T. Wang

The relativistic generalization of the Newtonian Lagrangian perturbation theory is investigated. In previous works, the first-order trace solutions that are generated by the spatially projected gravitoelectric part of the Weyl tensor were…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2015-07-15 Alexandre Alles , Thomas Buchert , Fosca Al Roumi , Alexander Wiegand