Related papers: Fluctuating initial conditions in hydrodynamics fo…
The fluctuation theorem is a pivotal result of statistical physics. It quantifies the probability of observing fluctuations which are in violation of the second law of thermodynamics. More specifically, it quantifies the ratio of the…
Basic ideas, methods and results related to the NA61/SHINE study of event-by-event fluctuations in high energy nuclear collisions are briefly reviewed.
Many probes are proposed to determine the quark-gluon plasma and explore its properties in ultra-relativistic heavy-ion collisions. Some of them are related to initial states of the collisions, such as collective flow, Hanbury-Brown-Twiss…
Recent results on event-by-event mean transverse momentum, $\mpt$, fluctuations in ultra-relativistic heavy ion collisions are briefly reviewed. We conclude that the observed fluctuations are in a rough agreement with that expected for the…
We present a systematic study of the effects due to initial condition fluctuations in systems formed by heavy-ion collisions using the hydrodynamical simulation code NeXSPheRIO. The study was based on a sample of events generated simulating…
We apply dynamical string models of heavy-ions collisions at high energies to the analysis of event-by-event fluctuations. Main attention is devoted to a new variable proposed to study "equilibration" in heavy-ions collisions. Recent…
We discuss the physics underlying event-by-event fluctuations in relativistic heavy ion collisions. We will argue that the fluctuations of the ratio of positively over negatively charged particles may serve as a unique signature for the…
Event-by-event particle ratio fluctuations for simulated data sets of three different models named UrQMD, AMPT, and Pythia are studied using the fluctuation variable $\nu_{dyn}$. The simulated data sets produced in $pp$ collisions at four…
High-energy heavy-ion physics and low-energy nuclear structure physics have historically been disconnected fields. The hydrodynamic description of the quark-gluon plasma (QGP) requires input from nuclear structure to model the initial…
Differential studies of elliptic flow are one of the most powerful tools in studying the initial conditions and dynamical evolution of heavy ion collisions. The comparison of data from Cu+Cu and Au+Au collisions taken with the PHOBOS…
The interaction of bodies in a fluid, mediated by hydrodynamic fluctuations and proposed by Dzyaloshinskii, Lifshitz, and Pitaevskii, is calculated exactly for parallel infinite planes and is shown to be attractive. The second mechanism of…
Event by event fluctuations of particle multiplicities and their ratios are considered to be sensitive probes to the exotic phenomena in high energy heavy ion collisions like phase transtion or the occurence of critical point. These…
We apply the hydrodynamic model for the dynamics of matter created in p-Pb collisions at 4.4TeV and d-Pb collisions at 3.11TeV. The fluctuating initial conditions are calculated in the Glauber Monte-Carlo model for several centrality…
Event-by-event fluctuations in the initial stages of ultrarelativistic nucleus-nucleus collisions depend little on rapidity. The hydrodynamic expansion which occurs in later stages then gives rise to correlations among outgoing particles…
Relativistic hydrodynamics has been quite successful in explaining the collective behaviour of the QCD matter produced in high energy heavy-ion collisions at RHIC and LHC. We briefly review the latest developments in the hydrodynamical…
Determining the inner structure of protons and nuclei in terms of their fundamental constituents has been one of the main tasks of high energy nuclear and particle physics experiments. This quest started as a mapping of the (average) parton…
The number of particles detected in a nucleus-nucleus collision strongly depends on the impact parameter of the collision. Therefore, multiplicity fluctuations, as well as rapidity correlations of multiplicities, are dominated by impact…
Elliptic flow, $v_2$, and triangular flow, $v_3$, are to a good approximation linearly proportional to the corresponding spatial anisotropies of the initial density profile, $\varepsilon_2$ and $\varepsilon_3$. Using event-by-event…
We present a Principal Component Analysis for a hydrodynamic simulation and compare with CMS experimental data. While the results are reasonable for anisotropic flow, for multiplicity fluctuations they are qualitatively different. We argue…
We study the statistical properties of many Brownian particles under the We study the statistical properties of many Brownian particles under the influence of both a spatially homogeneous driving force and a periodic potential with period…