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Anisotropies of the cosmic microwave background are thought to be due to perturbations of the primordial medium, which, post recombination, lead to the formation of galaxy clusters and galaxies. Aims: We analyse the perturbation wave modes…

In high energy nuclear collisions, most calculations on the early equilibration of the parton plasma showed that the system does not come close to full equilibrium, especially for the fermion components. However, since the system is…

We present high--spatial resolution studies of the density field as predicted by Lagrangian perturbation approximations up to the third order. The first--order approximation is equivalent to the ``Zel'dovich approximation'' for the type of…

We propose and examine the use of biphoton pairs, such as those created in parametric down conversion or four-wave mixing, to enhance the precision and the resolution of measuring optical displacements by position-sensitive detection. We…

We study the process of nuclear fusion at low energies in a medium using the second order time dependent perturbation theory. We consider a specific process which involves fusion of a low energy proton with a Nickel nucleus. The reaction…

We summarize the recent determination to next-to-leading order of the thermal photon rate at weak coupling. We emphasize how it can be expressed in terms of gauge-invariant condensates on the light cone, which are amenable to novel sum…

We consider the time evolution of the radiation field (R) and a two-level atom (A) in a resonant microcavity in terms of the Jaynes-Cummings model with an initial general pure quantum state for the radiation field. It is then shown, using…

The estimation of high order correlation function values is an important problem in the field of quantum computation. We show that the problem can be reduced to preparation and measurement of optical quantum states resulting after…

Improved quantum sensing of photons from astronomical objects could provide high resolution observations in the optical benefiting numerous fields, including general relativity, dark matter studies, and cosmology. It has been recently…

We investigate the radiative decay of the cosmic neutrino background, and its impact on the spectrum of the cosmic microwave background (CMB) that is known to be a nearly perfect black body. We derive exact formulae for the decay of a…

An optical nanoantenna and adjacent atomic systems are strongly coupled when an excitation is repeatedly exchanged between these subsystems prior to its eventual dissipation into the environment. It remains challenging to reach the strong…

We investigate an efficient two-photon up-conversion process in more than one molecule coupled to an optical antenna. In the previous work [Y. Osaka et al., PRL 112, 133601 (2014)], we considered the two-photon up-conversion process in a…

Phase transitions between different states of matter can profoundly modify the order in physical systems, with the emergence of ferromagnetic or topological order constituting important examples. Correlations allow to quantify the degree of…

We propose a cosmological scenario based on the assumption that the Standard Model possesses a large number of copies. It is demonstrated that baryons in the hidden copies of the standard model can naturally account for the dark matter. The…

In a large class of scalar-tensor theories that are potential candidates for dark energy, a nonminimal coupling between the scalar and the photon is possible. The presence of such an interaction grants us the exciting prospect of directly…

Quantum imaging has a potential of enhancing precision of the object reconstruction by using quantum correlations of the imaging field. This is especially important for imaging requiring low-intensity fields up to the level of few-photons.…

The composite nature of baryons manifests itself in the existence of a rich spectrum of excited states, in particular in the important mass region 1-2 GeV for the light-flavoured baryons. The properties of these resonances can be identified…

Accurately controlling the quantum coherence of photons is pivotal for their applications in quantum sensing and quantum imaging. Here, we propose the utilization of quantum entanglement and local phase manipulation techniques to control…

Quantum correlation of two-photon states has been utilized to suppress the environmental noise in imaging down to the single-photon level. However, the size of the coherence area of photon pairs limits the applications of quantum imaging…

Sub-picosecond coincidence timing from nonlocal intensity interference of entangled photons allows quantum interferometry for plasmas. Using a warm plasma dispersion relation, we correlate phase measurement sensitivity with different plasma…